ভারত থেকে ফেরার সময় প্রথম ইউক্রাতিদেস তাঁর নিজের পুত্রের হাতে নিহত হন। পিতার প্রতি তাঁর ঘৃণা এতটাই বেশি ছিল, যে তাঁর পুত্র তাঁর মৃতদেহটিকে রথের সাথে বেঁধে টেনে নিয়ে যান এবং সৎকার না করেই ফেলে রাখার আদেশ দেন।[পা ৯] যদিও এই পুত্রের নাম পাওয়া যায় না, তবে মনে করা হয় তিনি দ্বিতীয় ইউক্রাতিদেস বা প্রথম হেলিওক্লেসের মধ্যে একজন ছিলেন। প্রথম ইউক্রাতিদেসের হত্যার পর রাজ্যের শাসনক্ষমতার অধিকার নিয়ে রাজপরিবারের সদস্যদের মধ্যে গৃহযুদ্ধ শুরু হয়, যার ফলে এই রাজ্য ধীরে ধীরে দুর্বল হয়ে পড়ে।[পা ১০] ১৩০ খ্রিস্টপূর্বাব্দে ইউয়েঝি জনজাতি ব্যাক্ট্রিয়া আক্রমণ করলে প্রথম হেলিওক্লেস পরাজিত হন এবং গ্রিক-ব্যাক্ট্রিয় রাজ্যের পতন ঘটে।
পাদটীকা
↑Diodotus, the governor of the thousand cities of Bactria, defected and proclaimed himself king; all the other people of the Orient followed his example and seceded from the Macedonians. - (Justin, XLI,4 [২]
↑opulentissimum illud mille urbium Bactrianum imperium - Justin, XLI,1 [৩]
↑The Greeks who caused Bactria to revolt grew so powerful on account of the fertility of the country that they became masters, not only of Ariana, but also of India, as Apollodorus of Artemita says: and more tribes were subdued by them than by Alexander... Their cities were Bactra (also called Zariaspa, through which flows a river bearing the same name and emptying into the Oxus), and Darapsa, and several others. Among these was Eucratidia, which was named after its ruler. - Strabo, XI.XI.I [৪]
↑Soon after, relieved by the death of Diodotus I, Arsaces made peace and concluded an alliance with his son, also by the name of Diodotus; some time later he fought against Seleucos who came to punish the rebels, but he prevailed: the Parthians celebrated this day as the one that marked the beginning of their freedom. - Justin, XLI,4[৭]
↑And after several journeys of Teleas to and fro between the two, Euthydemus at last sent his son Demetrius to confirm the terms of the treaty. Antiochus received the young prince; and judging from his appearance, conversation, and the dignity of his manners that he was worthy of royal power, he first promised to give him one of his own daughters, and secondly conceded the royal title to his father.- Polybius 11.34[১০]
↑Heliodotos dedicated this fragrant altar (...) so that the greatest of all kings Euthydemus, as well as his son, the glorious, victorious and remarkable Demetrius, be preserved of all pains, with the help of the Fortune with divine thoughts"[১১]
↑The Greeks who caused Bactria to revolt grew so powerful on account of the fertility of the country that they became masters, not only of Ariana, but also of India, as Apollodorus of Artemita says: and more tribes were subdued by them than by Alexander-- by Menander in particular (at least if he actually crossed the Hypanis towards the east and advanced as far as the Imaüs), for some were subdued by him personally and others by Demetrius, the son of Euthydemus the king of the Bactrians; and they took possession, not only of Patalena, but also, on the rest of the coast, of what is called the kingdom of Saraostus and Sigerdis. In short, Apollodorus says that Bactriana is the ornament of Ariana as a whole; and, more than that, they extended their empire even as far as the Seres and the Phryni.- জেওগ্রাফিকা, স্ত্রাবোন[১৪][১৫][১৬]
↑The satrapy Turiva and that of Aspionus were taken away from Eucratides by the Parthians. - Strabo XI.11.2[১৮]
↑As Eucratides returned from India, he was killed on the way back by his son, whom he had associated to his rule, and who, without hiding his patricide, as if he didn't kill a father but an enemy, ran with his chariot over the blood of his father, and ordered the corpse to be left without a sepulture- Justin XLI,6 [১৯]
↑The Bactrians, involved in various wars, lost not only their rule but also their freedom, as, exhausted by their wars against the Sogdians, the Arachotes, the Dranges, the Arians and the Indians, they were finally crushed, as if drawn of all their blood, by an enemy weaker than them, the Parthians. - Justin, XLI,6 [১৯]
তথ্যসূত্র
↑J. D. Lerner, The Impact of Seleucid Decline on the Eastern Iranian Plateau: the Foundations of Arsacid Parthia and Graeco-Bactria, (Stuttgart 1999)
↑Bickerman, Elias J. (১৯৮৩), "The Seleucid Period", Yarshater, Ehsan, Cambridge History of Iran, 3.1, London: Cambridge UP, পৃষ্ঠা 3–20উদ্ধৃতি টেমপ্লেট ইংরেজি প্যারামিটার ব্যবহার করেছে (link)
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