Idris II of Morocco
In today's world, Idris II of Morocco has become a topic of great relevance and interest to a wide spectrum of individuals. Whether due to its impact on society, its relevance in the academic field, its influence in the world of work or its importance in everyday life, Idris II of Morocco has positioned itself as a central topic in current conversations and debates. From its origins to its evolution over time, Idris II of Morocco has attracted the attention of experts and novices alike, generating growing interest in better understanding its implications and role in today's world. In this article, we will explore the different aspects of Idris II of Morocco, its importance and its impact in different areas, with the aim of providing a comprehensive and enriching vision on this topic.
| Idris II إدريس الثاني | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emir of Morocco | |||||
| Reign | 803 – 828 | ||||
| Predecessor | Idris I bin Abdullah | ||||
| Successor | Muhammad bin Idris | ||||
| Born | August 791 Walīlī, Morocco | ||||
| Died | August 828 Fes, Morocco | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| Spouse | Hosna bint Sulaiman ben Mohammed al-Najai[1] | ||||
| Issue | Muhammad ibn Idris Gannuna bint Idris[2] | ||||
| |||||
| Dynasty | Idrisid | ||||
| Father | Idris I | ||||
| Mother | Kenza al-Awrabiya | ||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||
Idrīs ibn Idrīs (Arabic: إدريس بن إدريس) known as Idris II (إدريس الثاني) and also as Idrīs the Luminous (إدريس الأزهر Idrīs al-Azhar) or Idrīs the Younger (إدريس الأصغر Idrīs al-Aṣghar) (August 791 – August 828), was the son of Idris I, the founder of the Idrisid dynasty in Morocco. He was born in Walīlī two months after the death of his father. He succeeded his father Idris I in 803.
Biography
Idris II was born on August 791, two months after the death—June 791—of Idris I. His mother was Kenza,[3] his father's wife and the daughter of the Awraba tribe chieftain, Ishaq ibn Mohammed al-Awarbi.[4] He was raised among the Berber Awraba tribe of Volubilis. In 803, he was proclaimed Imam in the mosque of Walila succeeding his father.[5][6]
Of the Idrisid sultans Idris II was one of the best educated. In the work of Ibn al-Abbar, correspondence between Idris II and his contemporary Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab is quoted in which he invites him to renounce his claims to his territories.[7]
By the end of Idris II's reign, the Idrisid kingdom included the area between the Shalif river in modern-day Algeria and the Sus in southern Morocco.[8]
Idris II died in Volubilis in 828. His grave is contained in the Zawiyya Moulay Idris in Fez. It was rediscovered under the Marinid Sultan Abd al-Haqq II (1420–1465) in 1437, and became an important place of pilgrimage in the 15th century. It is, up till the present, considered the holiest place of Fez.
References
- ^ Glacier, Osire (2016-12-19). Femmes politiques au Maroc d'hier à aujourd'hui: La résistance et le pouvoir au féminin (in French). Tarik Editions. ISBN 978-9954-419-82-3.
Kenza would also advise Idris II in his personal affairs. Besides, it was she who chose a wife for him. From then on, the young sultan would have had two royal advisers, namely his mother and his spouse, Hosna bent Solaïmane ben Mohammed anNajaï
- ^ Soufi, Fouad (1998-04-30). "Famille, femmes, histoire : notes pour une recherche". Insaniyat / إنسانيات. Revue algérienne d'anthropologie et de sciences sociales (in French) (4): 109–118. doi:10.4000/insaniyat.11709. ISSN 1111-2050.
- ^ Robinson, Marsha R. (2006). Crossing the Strait from Morocco to the United States: The transnational gendering of the Atlantic world before 1830. The Ohio State University. p. 74.
Idriss' power to rule in this area hinged upon his marriage to Kenza
- ^ "من هو مولاي إدريس الأول - المرسال" [Who is Moulay Idriss I?]. 2020-08-13. Archived from the original on 13 August 2020. Retrieved 2022-03-14.
Her name is Kenza al-Awrabiya in relation to the Berber tribe called Awraba. She is the daughter of the tribe's leader, Ishaq bin Abdul Hamid al-Awrabi, and the wife of Moulay Idris I, who was assassinated while she was pregnant with her first son.
- ^ Eustache, D. (1986) . "Idrīs II". In Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, C.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. III (2nd ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. BRILL. pp. 1031–1032. ISBN 9004081186.
- ^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. (1987). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.
- ^ Ibn Abbar, o.c., ed. Müller, 201-202/ed.Monés, I, p.55 quoted in Herman L. Beck, L'image d'Idrīs II, BRILL, 1989, p.36
- ^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil M.; al-Naṣr, Ǧamīl M. Abū; Abun-Nasr, Abun-Nasr, Jamil Mirʻi (1987-08-20). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.
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