In today's world, Psalter Pahlavi has become a topic of great relevance and interest to a large number of people. Its impact extends to different aspects of daily life, from politics to entertainment. Without a doubt, Psalter Pahlavi has captured the attention of society as a whole and has generated an intense debate in different areas. In this article, we will explore in detail the various aspects related to Psalter Pahlavi, in order to provide a broad and complete overview of this fascinating topic.
Psalter Pahlavi | |
---|---|
Script type | |
Time period | Mid-6th to 7th century CE |
Direction | Right-to-left script |
Languages | Middle Persian |
Related scripts | |
Parent systems | Aramaic alphabet
|
ISO 15924 | |
ISO 15924 | Phlp (132), Psalter Pahlavi |
Unicode | |
Unicode alias | Psalter Pahlavi |
U+10B80–U+10BAF |
Psalter Pahlavi is a cursive abjad that was used for writing Middle Persian on paper; it is thus described as one of the Pahlavi scripts. It was written right to left, usually with spaces between words.
It takes its name from the Pahlavi Psalter, part of the Psalms translated from Syriac to Middle Persian and found in what is now western China.
Name | Image | Text | IPA |
---|---|---|---|
Aleph | 𐮀 | /a/, /aː/ | |
Beth | 𐮁 | /b/, /w/ | |
Gimel | 𐮂 | /g/, /j/ | |
Daleth | 𐮃 | /d/, /j/ | |
He | 𐮄 | /h/ | |
Waw-Ayin-Resh | 𐮅 | /w/, /r/ | |
Zayin | 𐮆 | /z/ | |
Heth | 𐮇 | /h/, /x/ | |
Yodh | 𐮈 | /j/, /ē̆/, /ī̆/, /d͡ʒ/ | |
Kaph | 𐮉 | /k/, /g/ | |
Lamedh | 𐮊 | /l/, /r/ | |
Mem-Qoph | 𐮋 | /m/, /q/ | |
Nun | 𐮌 | /n/ | |
Samekh | 𐮍 | /s/, /h/ | |
Pe | 𐮎 | /p/, /b/, /f/ | |
Sadhe | 𐮏 | /t͡ʃ/, /d͡ʒ/, /z/ | |
Shin | 𐮐 | /ʃ/ | |
Taw | 𐮑 | /t/, /d/ |
Four different large section-ending punctuation marks were used:
Mark | Description | |
---|---|---|
Image | Text | |
𐮙 | Section mark | |
𐮚 | Turned section mark | |
𐮛 | Four dots with cross | |
𐮜 | Four dots with dot |
Psalter Pahlavi had its own numerals:
Value | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 20 | 100 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sign | Image | |||||||
Text | 𐮩 | 𐮪 | 𐮫 | 𐮬 | 𐮭 | 𐮮 | 𐮯 |
Some numerals have joining behavior (with both numerals and letters). Numbers are written right-to-left. Numbers without corresponding numerals are additive. For example, 96 is written as 𐮮𐮮𐮮𐮮𐮭𐮫𐮫 (20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 10 + 3 + 3).
Psalter Pahlavi script was added to the Unicode Standard in June, 2014 with the release of version 7.0.
The Unicode block is U+10B80–U+10BAF:
Psalter Pahlavi Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+10B8x | 𐮀 | 𐮁 | 𐮂 | 𐮃 | 𐮄 | 𐮅 | 𐮆 | 𐮇 | 𐮈 | 𐮉 | 𐮊 | 𐮋 | 𐮌 | 𐮍 | 𐮎 | 𐮏 |
U+10B9x | 𐮐 | 𐮑 | 𐮙 | 𐮚 | 𐮛 | 𐮜 | ||||||||||
U+10BAx | 𐮩 | 𐮪 | 𐮫 | 𐮬 | 𐮭 | 𐮮 | 𐮯 | |||||||||
Notes |