In today's article we will explore the topic of Sitting volleyball, a topic that has generated interest and debate in recent years. Sitting volleyball is a topic that covers a wide range of aspects, from its impact on society to its economic implications. Through this article, we will analyze different perspectives and opinions on Sitting volleyball, with the aim of providing a broad and complete overview that allows readers to better understand this topic. Additionally, we will discuss possible solutions and strategies to address the challenges associated with Sitting volleyball. We hope this article is informative and relevant to those interested in learning more about Sitting volleyball and its implications in different areas.
Highest governing body | |
---|---|
Characteristics | |
Mixed-sex | No |
Type | Indoor |
Presence | |
Paralympic | 1976 - 1980 |
Sitting volleyball is a form of volleyball for athletes with a disability. As opposed to standing volleyball, sitting volleyball players must sit on the floor to play.
Sitting volleyball was invented in the Netherlands by the Dutch Sport Committee in 1956 as a rehabilitation sport for injured soldiers. In 1958, the first international sitting volleyball contact was held between Germany and Dutch clubteams.
It was created as a combination of volleyball and sitzball, a German sport with no net and seated players. Sitting volleyball first appeared in the Toronto 1976 Paralympic games as a demonstration sport for athletes with impaired mobility, and both standing and sitting volleyball became officially included as medal sports in the Paralympic games at Arnhem in 1980. Women’s sitting volleyball was added for the Athens 2004 Paralympic Games.
After the London 2012 games, VolleySLIDE was founded by Matt Rogers to promote and develop the sport globally. Eight men's and eight women's teams competed in the 2020 Tokyo Paralympic Games.
In sitting volleyball, a 7-metre-long (23 ft), 0.8-metre-wide (2 ft 7 in) net is set at 1.15 metres (3.8 feet) high for men and 1.05 metres (3.4 feet) high for women. The court is 10 by 6 metres (33 by 20 feet) meters with a 2-metre (6.6-foot) attack line. The rules are the same as the original form of volleyball with the exceptions that players must have at least one buttock in contact with the floor whenever they make contact with the ball and it is also possible to block the serve.[self-published source]
Athletes with the following disabilities are eligible to compete in sitting volleyball: athletes with amputations, spinal cord injuries, cerebral palsy, brain injuries and stroke. Classifications of these athletes by disability are placed into two categories: MD and D. MD stands for "Minimally Disabled," and D stands for “Disabled.” While Minimally Disabled athletes have lost only a fraction of their muscular strength and flexibility in a joint preventing them from successfully playing standing volleyball, Disabled athletes have lost all of their muscular strength and flexibility in that joint.
Only two MD players are allowed on the roster for the Paralympic Games and only one is allowed on the court at a time; this is to keep the competition fair between rival teams. The rest of the team must be classified as D players. Skills are largely identical to the sport of volleyball and the following game terminology apply:
List also includes former members (national teams that took part in previous major tournaments).
Defunct national teams
Sitting volleyball was first demonstrated at the Summer Paralympic Games in 1976 and was introduced as a full Paralympic event in 1980. The 2000 games was the last time standing volleyball appeared on the Paralympic programme. The women's sitting volleyball event introduction followed in the 2004 Paralympic Games.
Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|---|
1983 | Delden | Netherlands | Germany | Finland |
1985 | Kristiansand | Iran | Yugoslavia | Netherlands |
1986 | Pécs | Iran | Hungary | Netherlands |
1989 | Las Vegas | Netherlands | Hungary | Germany |
1990 | Assen | Iran | Netherlands | Yugoslavia |
1994 | Bottrop | Iran | Norway | Netherlands |
1998 | Tehran | Iran | Finland | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2002 | Cairo | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Germany | Iran |
2006 | Roermond | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Iran | Egypt |
2010 | Edmond | Iran | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Egypt |
2014 | Elblag | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Brazil | Iran |
2018 | The Hague | Iran | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Ukraine |
2022 | Sarajevo | Iran | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Brazil |
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Iran | 8 | 1 | 2 | 11 |
2 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3 | 3 | 1 | 7 |
3 | Netherlands | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
4 | Germany | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
5 | Hungary | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
6 | Brazil | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Finland | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Yugoslavia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
9 | Norway | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
10 | Egypt | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
11 | Ukraine | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Totals (11 entries) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 39 |
Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|---|
1994 | Bottrop | Netherlands | Latvia | Lithuania |
2000 | Maastricht | Netherlands | Finland | Slovenia |
2002 | Kamnik | Netherlands | Slovenia | Finland |
2006 | Roermond | Netherlands | China | Slovenia |
2010 | Edmond | China | United States | Ukraine |
2014 | Elblag | China | United States | Russia |
2018 | Rotterdam | Russia | United States | China |
2022 | Sarajevo | Brazil | Canada | United States |
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Netherlands | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
2 | China | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
3 | Russia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
4 | Brazil | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
5 | United States | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
6 | Slovenia | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
7 | Finland | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
8 | Canada | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Latvia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
10 | Lithuania | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Ukraine | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Totals (11 entries) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 |
Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|---|
1981 | Bonn | Netherlands | Germany | Sweden |
1987 | Sarajevo | Netherlands | Yugoslavia | |
1991 | Nottingham | Netherlands | ||
1993 | Järvenpää | Norway | Finland | |
1995 | Ljubljana | Hungary | ||
1997 | Tallinn | Finland | Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
1999 | Sarajevo | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Germany | Finland |
2001 | Sárospatak | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Germany | |
2003 | Lappeenranta | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Germany | Finland |
2005 | Leverkusen | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Germany | Russia |
2007 | Nyíregyháza | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Russia | Germany |
2009 | Elblag | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Russia | Germany |
2011 | Rotterdam | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Russia | Germany |
2013 | Elblag | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Russia | Germany |
2015 | Warendorf | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Germany | Russia |
2017 | Poreč | Russia | Ukraine | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2019 | Budapest | Russia | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Germany |
2021 | Antalya | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Russia | Germany |
2023 | Caorle | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Germany | Ukraine |
Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|---|
1993 | Jarvenpaa | Netherlands | Finland | Estonia |
1995 | Ljubljana | Netherlands | Latvia | Slovenia |
1997 | Tallinn | Latvia | Lithuania | Netherlands |
1999 | Sarajevo | Slovenia | Finland | Netherlands |
2001 | Sarospatak | Netherlands | Slovenia | Finland |
2003 | Lappeenranta | Netherlands | Slovenia | Finland |
2005 | Leverkusen | Netherlands | Lithuania | Slovenia |
2007 | Nyiregyhaza | Netherlands | Ukraine | Slovenia |
2009 | Elblag | Netherlands | Ukraine | Slovenia |
2011 | Rotterdam | Ukraine | Netherlands | Russia |
2013 | Elblag | Russia | Ukraine | Slovenia |
2015 | Podcetrtek | Ukraine | Russia | Slovenia |
2017 | Poreč | Russia | Ukraine | Netherlands |
2019 | Budapest | Russia | Italy | Ukraine |
2021 | Antalya | Russia | Italy | Germany |
2023 | Caorle | Italy | Slovenia | Ukraine |