Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge
Nowadays, Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge is a topic on everyone's lips. Whether due to its relevance in the social sphere, its impact on the economy or its influence on popular culture, Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge has captured the attention of a large number of people around the world. This phenomenon is not surprising, as Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge possesses a number of characteristics that make it worthy of study and interest by academics, experts, and enthusiasts alike. In this article, we will explore in depth some of the most prominent facets of Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge, analyzing its importance today and its potential impact in the future. Through a rigorous and exhaustive analysis, we will seek to shed light on this highly relevant topic and offer a comprehensive vision that allows readers to better understand its scope and significance.
| Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge | |
|---|---|
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
 | |
  Map of the United States  Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge (the United States) | |
| Location | Contra Costa County, California, United States |
| Nearest city | Antioch, California |
| Coordinates | 38°00′55″N 121°47′38″W / 38.0151989°N 121.7938444°W |
| Area | 55 acres (0.22 km2) |
| Established | 1980 |
| Governing body | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |
| Website | Official website  |
Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge is a sensitive sand dune habitat located near the city of Antioch, California on the south shore of the San Joaquin River-Stockton Deepwater Shipping Channel. It serves as a refuge for three endangered species of plants and insects, and is closed to the public except for tours and events supervised by Refuge staff. The Refuge was established in 1980. It is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Habitat restoration project
A project to restore wildlife habitat, sponsored by the Port of Stockton and implemented by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, began during 2013. This work involves dredging sandy spoil from the San Joaquin River and pumping it to the Antioch Dunes. The purpose is to spur population growth of the Lange's metalmark butterfly The process employs a hydraulic cutter-suction dredger, which pumps the sand-water mixture through a fish screen. The mixture flows through a series of berms, which separate the sand from the water, which is pumped back to the river. The sand is then distributed onshore. When the sand is in place, the project will replant it with buckwheat and two endangered plants.
Endangered species
The species protected at Antioch Dunes are Lange's metalmark butterfly, the Antioch Dunes evening primrose, and the Contra Costa wallflower. See the Lange's metalmark article for some background on the decline of the Antioch Dunes habitat prior to the formation of the Refuge. The number of metalmark butterflies has declined from 2,342 in 1999 to 45 in 2006. There were 78 in 2013.
Sources
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
References
- ^ "Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
- ^ a b U.S. Government. "Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge". Recreation.gov. Archived from the original on May 1, 2009. Retrieved December 5, 2008.
- ^ a b Burgarino, Paul. East County Times. "Dredging for Wildlife." October 19, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
