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Disposable income

In this article we are going to explore in depth the topic of Disposable income, a topic that has been the subject of countless research and debates over the years. Disposable income is a topic that has captured the attention of people of all ages and backgrounds, and its importance extends to a variety of fields, from science and technology to politics and culture. Through this article, we will seek to shed light on the different aspects of Disposable income, analyzing its origins, its impact on society and its possible implications for the future. We hope this article serves as an informative and stimulating source for anyone interested in learning more about this fascinating topic.

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For the album by Snuff, see Disposable Income (album).
Median American household disposable income
Not including sales tax or property tax
Denmark disposable income after tax
Not including value-added tax or property tax
Germany disposable income after taxes
Not including value-added tax or property tax

Disposable income is total personal income minus current taxes on income.[1] In national accounting, personal income minus personal current taxes equals disposable personal income or household disposable income.[2] Subtracting personal outlays (which includes the major category of personal consumption expenditure) yields personal (or, private) savings, hence the income left after paying away all the taxes is referred to as disposable income.

Restated, consumption expenditure plus savings equals disposable income[3] after accounting for transfers such as payments to children in school or elderly parents' living and care arrangements.[4]

The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is the fraction of a change in disposable income that is consumed. For example, if disposable income rises by $100, and $65 of that $100 is consumed, the MPC is 65%. Restated, the marginal propensity to save is 35%.

For the purposes of calculating the amount of income subject to garnishments, United States' federal law defines disposable income as an individual's compensation (including salary, overtime, bonuses, commission, and paid leave) after the deduction of health insurance premiums and any amounts required to be deducted by law. Amounts required to be deducted by law include federal, state, and local taxes, state unemployment and disability taxes, social security taxes, and other garnishments or levies, but does not include such deductions as voluntary retirement contributions and transportation deductions. Those deductions would be made only after calculating the amount of the garnishment or levy.[5] The definition of disposable income varies for the purpose of state and local garnishments and levies.

The consumer leverage ratio is the expression of the ratio of total household debt to disposable income.[6]

Meanings of disposable income

Disposable income can be understood as:

  • National disposable income of a country: The national income minus current transfers (current taxes on income, wealth etc., social contributions, social benefits and other current transfers), plus current transfers receivable by resident units from the rest of the world.[7]
  • Disposable personal (or family/household) income: The income that individuals or households have for their spending.

Discretionary income

Discretionary income is disposable income (after-tax income), minus all payments that are necessary to meet current bills. It is total personal income after subtracting taxes and minimal survival expenses (such as food, medicine, rent or mortgage, utilities, insurance, transportation, property maintenance, child support, etc.) to maintain a certain standard of living.[8] Expenses that persist with zero income are termed autonomous consumption. Discretionary income is the amount of an individual's income available for spending after the essentials have been taken care of:

The term "disposable income" is often incorrectly used to denote discretionary income. For example, people commonly refer to disposable income as the amount of "play money" left to spend or save.[citation needed]

In the national accounts

The system of national accounts defined the concept of disposable income for all institutional sectors of the economy. For corporations it is equal to profit retained, and for the government it is equal to taxes + income received from public corporation. The sum of disposable income across all institutional sectors is called the national disposable income.[9][citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Income Data Quality Issues in the Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current Population Survey" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-10-14. Retrieved 2017-12-07.
  2. ^ Ruser, John; Pilot, Adrienne; Nelson, Charles. "Alternative Measures of Household Income: BEA Personal Income, CPS Money Income, and Beyond" (PDF). U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-06-11. Retrieved 2013-08-23.
  3. ^ https://portal.wsiz.rzeszow.pl/plik.aspx?id=12166 [dead link]
  4. ^ "Research Publications". www.parl.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 21 August 2007. Retrieved 27 May 2017.
  5. ^ "31 CFR 285.11". Legal Information Institute. Cornell University. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  6. ^ "ECB guide to internal models" (PDF). European Central Bank. p. 50. The consumer leverage ratio can be calculated as the ratio of total household debt to disposable personal income.
  7. ^ "Glossary:National disposable income". Eurostat. Retrieved 2021-05-03.
  8. ^ Linden, Fabian (1998). "A Marketer's Guide to Discretionary Income (abstract)". US Department of Education. Retrieved 2007-12-27.
  9. ^ "Glossary:National disposable income". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-11-12.
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