Elektronika 60

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Elektronika 60

Elektronika 60M
Developer	Elektronika
Type	Minicomputer
Release date	1978
Discontinued	1991
Operating system	RT-11 and other
CPU	M2 (Soviet LSI-11--PDP-11 LSI CPU implementation--clone)
Memory	4kb 16-bit words; max 32k 16-bit words

The Elektronika 60 (Russian: Электроника 60) is a computer made in the Soviet Union by Elektronika in Voronezh from 1978 until 1991. It is a rack-mounted system with no built-in display or storage devices. It was usually paired with a 15IE-00-013 terminal and I/O devices. The main logic unit is located on the M2 CPU board. As an unlicensed clone implementation of the DEC PDP-11/23, the Elektronika 60 is generally software-compatible, could use much of the same peripherals, and physically resembles that model.

The original implementation of Tetris was written for the Elektronika 60 by Alexey Pajitnov in 1985.^[1] As the Elektronika 60 does not have raster graphics, text characters were used to form the blocks.^[2]

M2 CPU:

• LSI-11 (PDP-11 LSI CPU implementation) clone
• Word length: 16 bits
• Address space: 32K words (64 KB)
• RAM size: 4K words (8 KB)
• Number of instructions: 81
• Performance: 250,000 operations per second
• Floating-point capacity: 32 bits
• Number of VLSI chips: 5
• Board dimensions: 240 × 280 mm

• Article about Elektronika-60 in Russian
• Images of the Elektronika 60M
• Archive software and documentation for Soviet computers UK-NC, DVK and BK0010