In today's article we are going to talk about Extrapyramidal system, a topic that has sparked great interest in recent times. Extrapyramidal system is an issue that affects a wide variety of people, as it has repercussions on various aspects of daily life. In this article, we will explore different aspects and perspectives related to Extrapyramidal system, with the aim of providing a complete and detailed view on this topic. We will examine its history, its current impact, as well as possible future implications. Additionally, we will analyze different opinions and approaches about Extrapyramidal system, in order to provide a broader understanding of this topic. Join us in this complete analysis of Extrapyramidal system!
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Extrapyramidal system | |
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Details | |
Identifiers | |
Latin | systema extrapyramidale |
NeuroNames | 2070 |
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy |
In anatomy, the extrapyramidal system is a part of the motor system network causing involuntary actions. The system is called extrapyramidal to distinguish it from the tracts of the motor cortex that reach their targets by traveling through the pyramids of the medulla. The pyramidal tracts (corticospinal tract and corticobulbar tracts) may directly innervate motor neurons of the spinal cord or brainstem (anterior (ventral) horn cells or certain cranial nerve nuclei), whereas the extrapyramidal system centers on the modulation and regulation (indirect control) of anterior (ventral) horn cells.
Extrapyramidal tracts are chiefly found in the reticular formation of the pons and medulla, and target lower motor neurons in the spinal cord that are involved in reflexes, locomotion, complex movements, and postural control. These tracts are in turn modulated by various parts of the central nervous system, including the nigrostriatal pathway, the basal ganglia, the cerebellum, the vestibular nuclei, and different sensory areas of the cerebral cortex. All of these regulatory components can be considered part of the extrapyramidal system, in that they modulate motor activity without directly innervating motor neurons.
The extrapyramidal tracts include parts of the following: