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Haush language

In this article, we will explore the fascinating history of Haush language and its impact on today's society. From its humble beginnings to its relevance today, Haush language has played a crucial role in various aspects of everyday life. Over time, Haush language has been the subject of intense debate and has inspired countless research, demonstrating its importance in fields as diverse as science, culture, politics, and many others. Through detailed analysis, we will examine how Haush language has evolved over the years and how it continues to shape the world around us.

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Haush
Manekʼenk
Native toArgentina
RegionMitre Peninsula
EthnicityHaush people
Extinctc. 1920
Moseten–Chonan ?
  • Chonan
    • Chon proper
      • Island Chon
        • Haush
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)
qoa
Glottologhaus1240
  Haush

The Haush language (also Manekʼenk) was an indigenous language spoken by the Haush people and was formerly spoken on the island of Tierra del Fuego.[1] The Haush were considered the oldest inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego; at the time of first European contact, they inhabited the far eastern tip of the Mitre Peninsula.

Before 1850, an estimated 300 people spoke Haush.[2] The last speaker of Haush died around 1920 and the language is considered extinct.[3]

Haush is considered to be related to the Selkʼnam, Gününa Yajich, Teushen, and Tehuelche languages, which collectively belong to the Chonan language family.[4]

Vocabulary

Carlo Luigi Spegazzini (1899) cites the following Haush vocabulary.

Words

[5]
Haush English
ča(a)wataʔ small mushroom
se wife
maʔčaju- young man
kotek to whistle
k’ero small hawk
t’elk’en child

Phrases

CER:certitive DEI1:deictic of minimum distance DEI3:deictic of maximum distance INFR:informality positional classifier DISP:displacement positional classifier

anan

canoe

k-as-pe-nk

AN-inside-be(.sitting)-CER.M

naʔ

DEI1

anan k-as-pe-nk naʔ

canoe AN-inside-be(.sitting)-CER.M DEI1

'He is in the canoe.'[6]

hajketa(s)

3

sola-n(k)

be.strong-CER.M

hajketa(s) sola-n(k)

3 be.strong-CER.M

'He is strong.'[6]

asi

INTERR

n

?

a-ma:

DISP-DEI3

čeʔne-s

come-DUB

asi n a-ma: čeʔne-s

INTERR ? DISP-DEI3 come-DUB

'Who's coming?'[6]

a-ma(a)

DISP-DEI3

henk

man

čeʔne-s

come-DUB

a-ma(a) henk čeʔne-s

DISP-DEI3 man come-DUB

'A man comes.'[7]

naʔ

DEI1

pe-j

be(.sitting)-IMP

ma(a)

2

n

?

naʔ pe-j ma(a) n

DEI1 be(.sitting)-IMP 2 ?

'Sit here.'[7]

ma(a)

2

(a)jam-i

light-IMP

so:l

fire

ma(a) (a)jam-i so:l

2 light-IMP fire

'You, light the fire.'[7]

asa ma(a)

why

k-ameč’-i

AN-grab-INF

k’om-nk

AUX.NEG-CER.M

{asa ma(a)} k-ameč’-i k’om-nk

why AN-grab-INF AUX.NEG-CER.M

'Why won't you grab?'[7]

kar

something

k-ʔaj-Ø

AN-give-IMP

o(n)

INFR

a(a)

for

t’a-Ø

eat-INF

kar k-ʔaj-Ø o(n) a(a) t’a-Ø

something AN-give-IMP INFR for eat-INF

'Give me something to eat.'[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Adelaar & Muysken 2004, p. 41.
  2. ^ Adelaar & Muysken 2004, p. 555.
  3. ^ Adelaar & Muysken 2004, p. 554.
  4. ^ Adelaar & Muysken 2004, p. 556.
  5. ^ Spegazzini 2019, p. 113.
  6. ^ a b c Spegazzini 2019, pp. 115.
  7. ^ a b c d e Spegazzini 2019, pp. 116.

Bibliography

  • Adelaar, Willen F. H.; Muysken, Pieter (2004). The languages of the Andes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36275-7.
  • Furlong, Charles Wellington (December 1915). "The Haush and Ona, Primitive Tribes of Tierra del Fuego". Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Congress of Americanists: 432–444. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
  • Spegazzini, Carlo Lugi (2019). "Un manuscrito de Carlos Spegazzini con datos inéditos sobre la lengua haush" [A Manuscript by Carlos Spegazzini with Unpublished Data on the Haush Language]. Indiana - Estudios Antropológicos Sobre América Latina y el Caribe (in Spanish). 36 (2): 101–128. doi:10.18441/ind.v36i2.101-128.
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