Mississippi Choctaw Indian Federation

The Mississippi Choctaw Indian Federation was an organization of Choctaws and a former rival governing body of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. They opposed federal tribal recognition because of fears of dominance by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and were never federally recognized. Nevertheless, they were considered a legitimate parallel government.

History

The Federation was formed on September 27, 1934. Reverend Ed Willis was installed as the first recognized chief. The group represented 400 Choctaw and had a functioning, written constitution.

The government disbanded after leaders were moved to another jurisdiction.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Brescia, William (Bill) (1982). "Chapter 3, Treaties and the Choctaw People". Tribal Government, A New Era. Philadelphia, Mississippi: Choctaw Heritage Press. pp. 21–22.
^ McKee, Jesse O. (2008). The Choctaws: Cultural Evolution of a Native American Tribe. University Press of Mississippi. p. 158. ISBN 978-1-60473-170-5.
^ Lowery, Malinda Maynor (2010). Lumbee Indians in the Jim Crow South: race, identity, and the making of a nation. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press. p. 130. ISBN 978-0-8078-7111-9.
^ Osborne, Katherine, M.B. "In the Name of Justice and Fairness:The Mississippi Choctaw Indian Federation vs. the BIA, 1934", in Cobb, Daniel M.,Beyond Red Power:American Indian Politics and Activism Since 1900, 2007, School for Advanced Research Press, Santa Fe, New Mexico, ISBN 978-1-930618-86-2
^ ^a ^b "Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians". Choctaw Chronology: Part V. Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
^ Hearings on H. R. 7902. Washington, D.C.: United States Congress House Committee on Indian affairs. 1934. p. 373.

[brescia_era-1] Brescia, William (Bill) (1982). "Chapter 3, Treaties and the Choctaw People". Tribal Government, A New Era. Philadelphia, Mississippi: Choctaw Heritage Press. pp. 21–22.

[mckee-2] McKee, Jesse O. (2008). The Choctaws: Cultural Evolution of a Native American Tribe. University Press of Mississippi. p. 158. ISBN 978-1-60473-170-5.

[Lowery-3] Lowery, Malinda Maynor (2010). Lumbee Indians in the Jim Crow South: race, identity, and the making of a nation. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press. p. 130. ISBN 978-0-8078-7111-9.

[4] Osborne, Katherine, M.B. "In the Name of Justice and Fairness:The Mississippi Choctaw Indian Federation vs. the BIA, 1934", in Cobb, Daniel M.,Beyond Red Power:American Indian Politics and Activism Since 1900, 2007, School for Advanced Research Press, Santa Fe, New Mexico, ISBN 978-1-930618-86-2

[ChoctawChronology-5] "Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians". Choctaw Chronology: Part V. Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. Retrieved 2 August 2011.

[HORHearing-6] Hearings on H. R. 7902. Washington, D.C.: United States Congress House Committee on Indian affairs. 1934. p. 373.

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