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OpenQASM

In this article we will explore in detail OpenQASM, a topic of great relevance and interest today. OpenQASM is a concept that has generated great controversy and debate in various spheres, from the academic field to the field of politics and society in general. Over the years, OpenQASM has played a fundamental role in the way we perceive and understand the world around us, its implications have been profound and have given rise to a wide range of divergent opinions and perspectives. Through a comprehensive analysis, this article will seek to shed light on the complexity and relevance of OpenQASM, examining its historical roots, its current impacts and its projection into the future.

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OpenQASM
Stable release
3.1.0 / May 15, 2024 (2024-05-15)
Implementation languagePython
LicenseApache License 2.0
Filename extensions.qasm
Websiteopenqasm.com

Open Quantum Assembly Language (OpenQASM; pronounced open kazm)[1] is a programming language designed for describing quantum circuits and algorithms for execution on quantum computers.

Language

It is designed to be an intermediate representation that can be used by higher-level compilers to communicate with quantum hardware, and allows for the description of a wide range of quantum operations, as well as classical feed-forward flow control based on measurement outcomes.

The language includes a mechanism for describing explicit timing of instructions, and allows for the attachment of low-level definitions to gates for tasks such as calibration.[1] OpenQASM is not intended for general-purpose classical computation, and hardware implementations of the language may not support the full range of data manipulation described in the specification. Compilers for OpenQASM are expected to support a wide range of classical operations for compile-time constants, but the support for these operations on runtime values may vary between implementations.[2]

The language was first described in a paper published in July 2017,[1] and a reference source code implementation was released as part of IBM's Quantum Information Software Kit (Qiskit) for use with their IBM Quantum Experience cloud quantum computing platform.[3] The language has similar qualities to traditional hardware description languages such as Verilog.

OpenQASM defines its version at the head of a source file as a number, as in the declaration: 

OPENQASM 3;

The level of OpenQASM's original published implementations is OpenQASM 2.0. Version 3.0 of the specification is the current one and can be viewed at the OpenQASM repository on GitHub.[4]

Examples

The following is an example of OpenQASM source code from the official library. The program adds two four-bit numbers.[5] 

/*
 * quantum ripple-carry adder
 * Cuccaro et al, quant-ph/0410184
 */
OPENQASM 3;
include "stdgates.inc";

gate majority a, b, c {
    cx c, b;
    cx c, a;
    ccx a, b, c;
}

gate unmaj a, b, c {
    ccx a, b, c;
    cx c, a;
    cx a, b;
}

qubit cin;
qubit a;
qubit b;
qubit cout;
bit ans;
uint a_in = 1;  // a = 0001
uint b_in = 15; // b = 1111
// initialize qubits
reset cin;
reset a;
reset b;
reset cout;

// set input states
for i in  {
  if(bool(a_in)) x a;
  if(bool(b_in)) x b;
}
// add a to b, storing result in b
majority cin, b, a;
for i in  { majority a, b, a; }
cx a, cout;
for i in  { unmaj a, b, a; }
unmaj cin, b, a;
measure b -> ans;
measure cout -> ans;

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Cross, Andrew W.; Bishop, Lev S.; Smolin, John A.; Gambetta, Jay M. (2017). "Open Quantum Assembly Language". arXiv:1707.03429 .
  2. ^ "OpenQASM Live Specification". Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  3. ^ qiskit-openqasm: OpenQASM specification, International Business Machines, 4 July 2017, archived from the original on 10 November 2020, retrieved 6 July 2017
  4. ^ https://github.com/openqasm/openqasm OpenQASM
  5. ^ "openqasm/adder.qasm at master · openqasm/openqasm · GitHub". GitHub. 29 January 2022.

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