Research program
In this article, the impact of Research program on contemporary society will be explored. Since its emergence, Research program has aroused continuous interest and debate in various fields, whether in politics, popular culture, science or in people's daily lives. Over the years, Research program has been the subject of studies and research that have attempted to understand its influence on the way we relate, think, and operate in the world. Without a doubt, Research program has been the protagonist of important transformations, generating controversies, admiration and reflections that position it as a relevant topic today. In this sense, it will be interesting to analyze the different aspects surrounding Research program and its impact on contemporary society.
A research program (British English: research programme) is a professional network of scientists conducting basic research. The term was used by philosopher of science Imre Lakatos to blend and revise the normative model of science offered by Karl Popper's The Logic of Scientific Discovery (with its idea of falsifiability) and the descriptive model of science offered by Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (with its ideas of normal science and paradigm shifts).[1] Lakatos found falsificationism impractical and often not practiced, and found normal science—where a paradigm of science, mimicking an exemplar, extinguishes differing perspectives—more monopolistic than actual.
Lakatos found that many research programs coexisted. Each had a hard core of theories immune to revision, surrounded by a protective belt of malleable theories.[2] A research programme vies against others to be most progressive.[2] Extending the research program's theories into new domains is theoretical progress, and experimentally corroborating such is empirical progress, always refusing falsification of the research program's hard core.[2] A research program might degenerate—lose progressiveness—but later return to progressiveness.[2]
References
- ^ Imre Lakatos, auth, John Worrall & Gregory Currie, eds, The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes: Volume 1: Philosophical Papers (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980)
- ^ a b c d Bechtel, William (1988). Philosophy of science: an overview for cognitive science. Hillsdale, New Jersey: L. Erlbaum. ISBN 9780805802214. OCLC 875311964., ch 4 "Post-positivist philosophy of science", subch "Lakatosian research programmes", pp 60-63
Examples
- United States Global Change Research Program
- World Climate Research Programme Archived 2009-08-04 at the Wayback Machine
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