Spiritualism (philosophy)

In the contemporary world, Spiritualism (philosophy) has acquired an importance that has transcended borders and has become a topic of interest for a wide spectrum of society. Its relevance is manifested in different areas, from politics and economics to culture and entertainment. Spiritualism (philosophy) has captured the attention of experts, academics, critics and the general public, generating debates, reflections and analyzes that seek to understand its impact and influence today. In this sense, this article aims to delve deeper into the topic of Spiritualism (philosophy), exploring its multiple facets and offering a broad and complete vision to delimit its scope and importance in the contemporary world.

Not to be confused with Spirituality.

This article is about the philosophical position. For other uses of spiritualism, see Spiritualism (disambiguation).

In philosophy, spiritualism is the notion, shared by a wide variety of systems of thought, that there is an immaterial reality that cannot be perceived by the senses. This includes philosophies that postulate a personal God, the immortality of the soul, or the immortality of the intellect or will, as well as any systems of thought that assume a universal mind or cosmic forces lying beyond the reach of purely materialistic interpretations. Generally, any philosophical position, be it dualism, monism, atheism, theism, pantheism, idealism or any other, is compatible with spiritualism as long as it allows for a reality beyond matter. Theism is an example of a dualist spiritualist philosophy, while pantheism is an example of monist spiritualism.

Notable spiritualist thinkers

• Aristotle
• Henri Bergson
• Maine de Biran
• F. H. Bradley
• Victor Cousin
• René Descartes
• Giovanni Gentile
• William Ernest Hocking
• Louis Lavelle
• René Le Senne
• Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
• Pindar
• Plato
• Josiah Royce

See also

• Metaphysics
• Spiritualism (religious movement)
• Alfred Russel Wallace's religious spiritualism

Notes

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o} Encyclopædia Britannica, "Spiritualism (in philosophy)", britannica.com
2. ^ ^{a b} William James (1977). A pluralistic universe. Harvard University Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-674-67391-5.
3. ^ Su-Young Park-Hwang (1998), L'habitude dans le spiritualisme français: Maine de Biran, Ravaisson, Bergson, Presses Universitaires du Septentrion.
4. ^ Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Brahman to Derrida, Taylor & Francis, 1998, p. 10: "Victor Cousin's eclectic spiritualism".

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