Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metre backstroke
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| Men's 200 metre backstroke at the Games of the II Olympiad | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 The swimming venue in 1900 | ||||||||||
| Venue | River Seine | |||||||||
| Dates | August 11 (semifinals) August 12 (final) | |||||||||
| Competitors | 16 from 7 nations | |||||||||
| Winning time | 2:47.0 OR | |||||||||
| Medalists | ||||||||||
| ||||||||||
| Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Freestyle | |
| 200 m | men |
| 1000 m | men |
| 4000 m | men |
| Backstroke | |
| 200 m | men |
| Other | |
| 200 m team | men |
| 200 m obstacle | men |
| Underwater | men |
The men's 200 metre backstroke was an event on the Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics schedule in Paris. It was the first Olympic swimming event to not be a freestyle competition. It was held on 11 August and 12 August 1900. 16 swimmers from 7 nations competed. The event was won by Ernst Hoppenberg of Germany, with Karl Ruberl of Austria second and Johannes Drost of the Netherlands third.
Background
This was the first appearance of the 200 metre backstroke event. The event did not return until 1964; since then, it has been on the programme at every Summer Games. From 1904 to 1960, a men's 100 metre backstroke was held instead. In 1964, only the 200 metres was held. Beginning in 1968 and ever since, both the 100 and 200 metre versions have been held.
Before the Games, Great Britain's Robert Crawshaw was described in The New York Herald Tribune as the "champion breast and back swimmer of the world".
Competition format
The competition used a two-round format, with semifinals and a final. The entrants were divided into three semifinals; each semifinal had approximately 12 swimmers entered, though withdrawals left each with between 3 and 7 swimmers. The fastest swimmer in each semifinal advanced to the final along with the next seven fastest times overall. This resulted in a 10-swimmer final.
The races were swum downstream in the Seine.
Records
There were no recognized records in the 200 metre backstroke before this competition: world records would not be recognized until 1909.
Ernst Hoppenberg had the best time in the first semifinal at 2:54.4, setting the initial Olympic record. He beat his own time in the final, at 2:47.0, for a record that stood for 64 years, until the next time the event was held (when Bob Bennett broke it by over 30 seconds, with a 2:16.1 in the first heat).
Schedule
| Date | Time | Round |
|---|---|---|
| Sunday, 11 August 1900 | 11:00 | Semifinals |
| Sunday, 12 August 1900 | 15:30 | Final |
Results
Semifinals
In the first round, there were three semifinals. The winner of each semifinal advanced to the final, as did the seven fastest losers from across all the semifinals. The semifinals were held on 11 August.
Semifinal 1
| Rank | Swimmer | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ernst Hoppenberg |  Germany |
2:54.4 | Q, OR |
| 2 | Robert Crawshaw |  Great Britain |
3:15.0 | Q |
| 3 | Bill Burgess | Great Britain |
3:50.4 | Q |
| 4 | Paolo Bussetti |  Italy |
4:09.2 | Q |
| 5 | Lapostolet |  France |
4:34.6 | |
| 6 | Fumouze | France |
5:17.0 |
Semifinal 2
| Rank | Swimmer | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Johannes Bloemen |  Netherlands |
3:09.2 | Q |
| 2 | de Romand | France |
3:56.6 | Q |
| 3 | Chevrand | France |
4:42.0 |
Semifinal 3
| Rank | Swimmer | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Karl Ruberl |  Austria |
2:56.0 | Q |
| 2 | Johannes Drost | Netherlands |
3:10.2 | Q |
| 3 | Jean Leuilliux | France |
3:10.2 | Q |
| 4 | Erik Erickson |  Sweden |
4:05.4 | Q |
| 5 | Lué | France |
4:10.0 | |
| 6 | Pierre Peyrusson | France |
4:15.6 | |
| 7 | Texier | France |
4:49.0 |
Final
The final was held on 12 August.
| Rank | Swimmer | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Ernst Hoppenberg | Germany |
2:47.0 | OR |
 |
Karl Ruberl | Austria |
2:56.0 | |
 |
Johannes Drost | Netherlands |
3:01.0 | |
| 4 | Johannes Bloemen | Netherlands |
3:02.2 | |
| 5 | Bill Burgess | Great Britain |
3:12.0 | |
| 6 | de Romand | France |
3:38.0 | |
| 7 | Paolo Bussetti | Italy |
3:45.0 | |
| 8 | Erik Erickson | Sweden |
3:56.4 | |
| — | Robert Crawshaw | Great Britain |
DNF | |
| Jean Leuillieux | France |
DNF |
Results summary
| Rank | Swimmer | Nation | Semifinals | Final | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Ernst Hoppenberg | Germany |
2:54.4 | 2:47.0 | OR |
|
Karl Ruberl | Austria |
2:56.0 | 2:56.0 | |
|
Johannes Drost | Netherlands |
3:10.2 | 3:01.0 | |
| 4 | Johannes Bloemen | Netherlands |
3:09.2 | 3:02.2 | |
| 5 | Bill Burgess | Great Britain |
3:50.4 | 3:12.0 | |
| 6 | de Romand | France |
3:56.6 | 3:38.0 | |
| 7 | Paolo Bussetti | Italy |
4:09.2 | 3:45.0 | |
| 8 | Erik Erickson | Sweden |
4:05.4 | 3:56.4 | |
| 9 | Robert Crawshaw | Great Britain |
3:15.0 | DNF | |
| Jean Leuillieux | France |
3:10.2 | DNF | ||
| 11 | Lué | France |
4:10.0 | Did not advance | |
| 12 | Pierre Peyrusson | France |
4:15.6 | ||
| 13 | Lapostolet | France |
4:34.6 | ||
| 14 | Chevrand | France |
4:42.0 | ||
| 15 | Texier | France |
4:49.0 | ||
| 16 | Fumouze | France |
5:17.0 |
Notes
- ^ "Swimming at the 1900 Paris Summer Games: Men's 200 metres Backstroke". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
- ^ a b c d e "200 metres Backstroke, Men". Olympedia. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
- ^ Sources disagree as to whether Crawshaw started the race or not; regardless, he did not finish it.
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