In this article we will analyze the relevance of Titanium perchlorate in the current context. Titanium perchlorate has been a topic of interest in various fields and its impact has been felt in different ways. The role Titanium perchlorate plays in society and how it has evolved over time needs to be thoroughly examined. From its origins to the present, Titanium perchlorate has been the subject of debate and study, and it is essential to understand its importance in the current panorama. Through a comprehensive analysis, we will explore the different facets of Titanium perchlorate and its influence on various aspects of daily life.
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3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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Properties | |
Ti(ClO4)4 | |
Molar mass | 445.65 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | white crystals, deliquescent |
Density | 2.49 g/cm3 (anhydrous) |
Melting point | 85 °C (185 °F; 358 K) (anhydrous) slight decomposition |
Boiling point | decomposition |
high | |
Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Titanium nitrate |
Other cations
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Zirconium perchlorate Hafnium perchlorate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
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Titanium perchlorate is a molecular compound of titanium and perchlorate groups with formula Ti(ClO4)4. Anhydrous titanium perchlorate decomposes explosively at 130 °C and melts at 85 °C with a slight decomposition. It can sublime in a vacuum as low as 70 °C, and can form vapour at up to 120°. Titanium perchlorate is quite volatile. It has density 2.35. It decomposes to TiO2, ClO2 and dioxygen O2 Also TiO(ClO4)2 is formed during decomposition.
The Ti(ClO4)4 molecule has the perchlorate groups bidentately bonded to the titanium atom via two oxygen atoms. So the molecule could also be called tetrakis(perchlorato-O,O')titanium(IV).
In the solid form it forms clear coloured monoclinic crystals, with unit cell parameters a=12.451 b=7.814 c=12.826 Å α=108.13. Unit cell volume is 1186 Å3 at -100 °C. There are four molecules per unit cell.
It reacts with petrolatum, nitromethane, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, and over 25° with carbon tetrachloride.
Titanyl perchlorate also exists in solvates with water, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, pyridine-N-oxide and quinoline-N-oxide.
Titanium perchlorate can be formed by reacting titanium tetrachloride with perchloric acid enriched in dichlorine heptoxide. Another way uses titanium tetrachloride with dichlorine hexoxide. This forms a complex with Cl2O6 which when warmed to 55° in a vacuum, sublimes and can crystallise the pure anhydrous product from the vapour.
In the salt dicaesium hexaperchloratotitanate, Cs2Ti(ClO4)6 the perchlorate groups are monodentate, connected by one oxygen to titanium.
Titanium perchlorate can also form complexes with other ligands bound to the titanium atom including binol, and gluconic acid.
A polymeric oxychlorperchlorato compound of titanium, Ti6O4Clx(ClO4)16−x, is made from excess TiCl4 and dichlorine hexoxide. This has a varying composition, and ranges from light to dark yellow.