Valvatida

In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of Valvatida and how it has impacted our lives in unimaginable ways. Valvatida has been the object of study, controversy and admiration throughout history, and its influence extends to practically all aspects of our society. From its origins to its modern evolution, Valvatida has left an indelible mark on humanity, challenging our perceptions and provoking deep reflections on who we are and where we are headed. Join us on this journey to discover the importance of Valvatida in our lives and in the world around us.

Valvatida
Two Valvatida : a Solaster dawsoni attacking a Hippasteria phrygiana
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Asteroidea
Superorder: Valvatacea
Order: Valvatida
Perrier, 1884
Families
see text

The Valvatida are an order of starfish in the class Asteroidea, which contains 695 species in 172 genera in 17 families.

Description

The order encompasses both tiny species, which are only a few millimetres in diameter, like those in the genus Asterina, and species which can reach up to 75 cm, such as species in the genus Thromidia. Almost all species in this order have five arms with tube feet. This order is primarily identified by the presence of conspicuous marginal ossicles, which characterize most of the species. Most members of this order have five arms and two rows of tube feet with suckers. Some species have paxillae and in some, the main pedicellariae are clamp-like and recessed into the skeletal plates. This group includes the cushion star, and the leather star.

Families

According to the World Register of Marine Species, the following families are included in Valvatida:

References

  1. ^ Mah, Christopher (2013). "Valvatida". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2014-01-20.
  2. ^ Blake, Daniel B. (1981). "A reassessment of the sea-star orders Valvatida and Spinulosida". Journal of Natural History. 15 (3): 375–394. doi:10.1080/00222938100770291.
  3. ^ Mah, Christopher (2012). "Culcita (Agassiz, 1836)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
  4. ^ Mah, Christopher (2012). "Dermasterias imbricata (Grube, 1857)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
  5. ^ Mah, C., Hansson, H. (2013). Mah CL (ed.). "Valvatida". World Asteroidea database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2014-01-20.
  • Burchett M, Dando M, Waller G; SeaLife: A Complete Guide to the Marine Environment; Smithsonian Institution Press, USA; ISBN 1-56098-633-6, 1996.
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