Veikko Aleksanteri Heiskanen
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Veikko Aleksanteri Heiskanen (V. A. Heiskanen; also spelled Weikko Aleksanteri (or W. A.) Heiskanen; 23 July 1895 – 23 October 1971) was a Finnish geodesist and geophysicist. He was known for his refinement of George Biddell Airy and John Henry Pratt's theories of isostasy into his own, the Heiskanen hypothesis. With Felix Andries Vening Meinesz, he wrote the textbook The Earth and its Gravity Field (1958), and in 1960 a paper by Heiskanen, "The latest achievements of physical geodesy" was discussed in the scientific literature. With Helmut Moritz, Heiskanen wrote the textbook Physical Geodesy (1967), which became a standard text the field of geodesy and for the study of the geoid. Heiskanen's doctoral students include Ivan I. Mueller.
Born c. 23 July 1895 in Kangaslampi, Finland, he grew up on a small farm. He attended the University of Helsinki and in three years received a Candidate in Philosophy degree (some texts state he received the Master of Science degree). In 1927 he received a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the university.
The Kaarina and Weikko A. Heiskanen Fund endows the Kaarina and Weikko A. Heiskanen Award, which is awarded annually by the Ohio State University. The university hosted the Weikko A. Heiskanen Symposium in Geodesy in 2002 to celebrate that geodesy had been studied at Ohio State for 50 years.
A book, Surveyor of the Globe, was written as a biography of Heiskanen by Juhani A. Kakkuri and published in 2008 and 2017.
Career chronology
- Senior geodesist – Finnish Geodetic Institute (1921–1928)
- Lecturer in geodesy – University of Helsinki (1926–?)
- Professor of geodesy – Finland Institute of Technology (1928–1949)
- Chief of the Geodetic Section – Finland Institute of Technology (1935–1949)
- Director – International Isostatic Institute (1936–?)
- Member – Finnish Parliament (1933–1936)
- Chairman – Finnish Geographical Society (1941–1942)
Source: Nature, 1949.
Notes
- ^ This is the accepted date in most biographical works.
References
- ^ "Veikko Heiskanen". Pontifical Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ Cook, A. H. (21 July 1956). "Prof. W. A. Heiskanen: Sixtieth Birthday Volume". Nature. 178 (4525): 111–112. doi:10.1038/178111a0.
- ^ Holmes, Gillian S. (2014). "Isostasy". In Lerner, K. Lee; Lerner, Brenda Wilmoth (eds.). The Gale Encyclopedia of Science. Vol. 4 (5th ed.). Gale. pp. 2436–2438. Gale CX3727801360.
- ^ "Heiskanen hypothesis". Britannica. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ Dicke, Robert H. (20 February 1959). "The Earth and its Gravity Field". Book Reviews. Science. 129 (3347): 460. doi:10.1126/science.129.3347.460.b.
- ^ Korff, Serge A. (May 1959). "The Earth and Its Gravity Field". Books. Physics Today. 12 (5): 44–46. doi:10.1063/1.3060812.
- ^ O'Keefe, John A. (June 1961). "Discussion of paper by W. A. Heiskanen, "The latest achievements of physical geodesy"". Letters to the Editor. Journal of Geophysical Research. 66 (6): 1992. doi:10.1029/JZ066i006p01992.
- ^ J. E. J. (4 June 1967). "Physical Geodesy". Reviews. Geological Magazine. 104 (3): 302. doi:10.1017/S0016756800048834.
- ^ Robbins, A. R. (12 August 1967). "Text for Geodesists". Book Reviews. Nature. 215 (5102): 793. doi:10.1038/215793a0.
- ^ Kakkuri, Juhani (2009). "Veikko Heiskanen and Helmut Moritz" (PDF). Sitzungsberichte der Leibniz-Sozietät der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. 104: 57–63. ISBN 978-3-89626-884-6. ISSN 0947-5850.
- ^ Ahonen, Kathleen (2008). "Heiskanen, Weikko Aleksanteri". Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 17. Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 403–404. Gale CX2830905153 – via Encyclopedia.com.
- ^ Karttunen, Hannu. "Heiskanen, Weikko Aleksanteri (1895-1971)". University of Turku. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
- ^ "Kaarina and Weikko A. Heiskanen Award Endowed Fund for Excellence in Geodetic Science". School of Earth Sciences. The Ohio State University. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
- ^ "Kaarina and Weikko A. Heiskanen Fund". School of Earth Sciences. The Ohio State University. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
- ^ Shum, C.K. (23 January 2002). "[IGSMAIL-3709]: Heiskanen Symposium in Geodesy, Oct 1-4, 2002, Columbus, OH, USA". International GNSS Service. Retrieved 17 March 2024. (See Proceedings)
- ^ Grafarend, Erik W. (October 2017). Tóth, Gyula (ed.). "Book Review: Juhani A. Kakkuri: Surveyor of the Globe. Story of the life of V.A.Heiskanen" (PDF). IAG Newsletter. Information Service of the International Association of Geodesy: 14–16.
- ^ Poutanen, Markku; Kuusniemi, Heidi (August–September 2022). Tóth, Gyula (ed.). "Obituary: Juhani Kakkuri (1933 - 2022)". IAG Newsletter. Information Service of the International Association of Geodesy: 8–9.
- ^ "Finnish Geodetic Institute: Prof. W. A. Heiskanen". News. Nature. 164 (4162): 214. 1 August 1949. doi:10.1038/164214b0.
Further reading
- Juhani Kakkuri, "Maapallon mittaaja" Maankäyttö
- Jari Juutilainen, "V. A. Heiskanen Memorial" Taurus Hill Observatory
- Jarkko Koskinen "The man who took us to the Moon, Prof V. A. Heiskanen" National Land Survey of Finland
- Martin Vermeer Physical Geodesy
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