Sun Yat-Sen | |
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Proveesional Preses o the Republic o Cheenae | |
In office 1 Januar 1912 – 10 Mairch 1912 | |
Vice Preses | Li Yuanhong |
Precedit bi | Puyi (Emperor o Cheenae) |
Succeedit bi | Yuan Shikai |
Premier o the Kuomintang o Cheenae | |
In office 10 October 1919 – 12 Mairch 1925 | |
Precedit bi | Himsel (as Premier o Cheenese Revolutionary Pairty) |
Succeedit bi | Zhang Renjie (as chairman) |
Personal details | |
Born | 12 November 1866 Xiangshan Coonty, Guangdong, Qing Empire |
Dee'd | 12 Mairch 1925 Beijing, Cheenae | (aged 58)
Restin place | Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Nanjing, Jiangsu |
Naitionality | Cheenese American (1904–1909) |
Poleetical pairty | Kuomintang |
Ither poleetical affiliations | Cheenese Revolutionary Pairty |
Spoose(s) | Lu Muzhen (1885–1915) Kaoru Otsuki (1903–1906) Soong Ching-ling (1915–1925) |
Domestic partner | Chen Cui-fen (1892-1925) |
Bairns | Sun Fo Sun Yan Sun Wan Fumiko Miyagawa (b. 1906) |
Alma mater | Hong Kong College o Medicine for Cheenese |
Thrift | Pheesician Politeecian Revolutionary Writer |
Religion | Congregationalist |
Signatur |
Sun Yat-sen (/ˈsʊn ˈjɑːtˈsɛn/; 12 November 1866 – 12 Mairch 1925) wis the foondin faither o the Republic o Cheenae. The first proveesional preses o the Republic o Cheenae, Sun wis a Cheenese physeecian, writer, filosofer, Georgist, calligrafer an revolutionary. As the foremaist pioneer an first leader o a Republican Cheenae, Sun is referred tae as the "Faither o the Naition" in the Republic o Cheenae (ROC) an the "forerunner o democratic revolution" in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae (PRC). Sun played an instrumental role in the owerthraw o the Qing dynasty (the last imperial dynasty o Cheenae) in the years leadin up tae the Xinhai Revolution. He wis appyntit tae serve as Proveesional Preses o the Republic o Cheenae whan it wos foondit in 1912. He later co-foondit the Kuomintang (Naitionalist Pairty o Cheenae), servin as its first leader. Sun wis a unitin feegur in post-Imperial Cheenae, an he remeens unique amang 20t-century Cheenese politeecians for bein widely revered amangst the fowk frae baith sides o the Taiwan Strait.
Awtho Sun is conseedert tae be ane o the greatest leaders o modren Cheenae, his poleetical life wis ane o constant struggle an frequent exile. Efter the success o the revolution an the Han Cheenese regainin pouer efter 268 years o leevin unner Manchurian rule (Qing dynasty), he quickly resigned frae his post as Preses o the newly foondit Republic o Cheenae tae Yuan Shikai, an led successive revolutionary govrenments as a challenge tae the warlairds that controlled muckle o the naition. Sun did nae leeve tae see his pairty consolidate its pouer ower the kintra in the Northren Expedeetion. His pairty, that formed a fragile alliance wi the Cheenese Communist Pairty, split intae twa factions efter his daith.
Sun's chief legacy resides in his developin o the poleetical filosofie kent as the Three Principles o the Fowk: naitionalism (Han Cheenese naitionalism: unthirldom frae imperialist domination – takkin back pouer frae the Manchurian Qing dynasty), “richts o the fowk,” whiles translatit as “democracy,” an the fowk's liveliheid (juist society).
'The teachings of your single-taxer, Henry George, will be the basis of our program of reform.'