齊特琴（德語：Zither）是一種既是指弦樂器中一個類別的樂器，已同時該類別某些特定樂器的名稱。德語的本名zither字源來自拉丁詞語 cithara，跟現代英語吉他（guitar）同源。結構演化自中世紀撥弦樂瑟（psaltery），流行於奧地利的蒂羅爾和巴伐利亞。琴由一個形狀扁平的木質共鳴箱，再加上4或5根的旋律弦和37根的伴奏弦所組成；旋律弦靠向彈奏者，用左手手指上的撥子彈奏。伴奏弦則可用任何一隻手的手指彈奏。齊特琴常在輕歌劇中表現情節的鄉土氣息。
調音
齊特琴的調音表如下：
| ZITHER TUNING CHART
|
|
|
FRETTED
|
UNFRETTED
|
| STRING
|
Melody
|
Accompaniment
|
Basses
|
Countrabasses
|
| 1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
9
|
10
|
11
|
12
|
13
|
14
|
15
|
16
|
17
|
18
|
19
|
20
|
21
|
22
|
23
|
24
|
25
|
26
|
27
|
28
|
29
|
30
|
31
|
32
|
33
|
34
|
35
|
36
|
37
|
38
|
39
|
40
|
41
|
42
|
| PITCH
|
Munich
|
A4
|
A4
|
D4
|
G3
|
C3
|
Eb4
|
Bb3
|
F4
|
C4
|
G3
|
D4
|
A3
|
E4
|
B3
|
F#3
|
C#4
|
G#3
|
Eb3
|
Bb2
|
F3
|
C3
|
G2
|
D3
|
A2
|
E3
|
B2
|
F#2
|
C#3
|
G#2
|
F2
|
E2
|
Eb2
|
D2
|
C#2
|
C2
|
B1
|
Bb1
|
A1
|
G#1
|
G1
|
F#1
|
F1
|
| Viennese
|
A4
|
D4
|
G3
|
G3
|
C3
|
Ab4
|
Eb4
|
Bb3
|
F4
|
C4
|
G4
|
D4
|
A3
|
E4
|
B3
|
F#4
|
C#4
|
G#3
|
Eb2
|
Bb2
|
F2
|
C3
|
G2
|
D2
|
A2
|
E2
|
B2
|
F#2
|
C#2
|
G#2
|
C2
|
B1
|
Bb1
|
A1
|
G#
|
G1
|
F#1
|
F1
|
|
| Notes:
|
Basic
|
Concert
|
Alpine
|
參考來源
- ^ Strings on a table. Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster. 2013 [2013-10-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-30）.
- ^ zither. Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House, Inc. 2013 [2013-10-26]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.
- ^ zither. Oxford Dictionaries Online. Oxford University Press. 2013 [2013-10-26]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-04）.
文獻
- Dearling, Robert; Stringed Instruments; Chelsea House Publishing (2000). ISBN 0791060926
- Marcuse, Sibyl; Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary; W. W. Norton & Company (1975). ISBN 0393007588
- Mühlemann, Lorenz; Die Zither in der Schweiz: Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart ; Turtleback (1995). ISBN 3-729-60584-4 (German)
- Ralston, Jack L.; A Selective Bibliography for the Zither; University of Missouri (1981). ASIN: B00072D9GI
- Schuler, Manfred; Zither In Der Volksmusik , vol. 1 & 2; Unbekannt . ISBN 3-853-66837-2, 3-708-40155-7 (German)
外部連結
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