Battle of Kozludzha

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Battle of Kozludzha
Part of the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774

Battle of Kozludzha by Johann Friedrich Anthing
Date20 June 1774
Location
near the village of Kozludzha,—now Suvorovo,—Ottoman Bulgaria (part of the Empire)
43°19′45.9″N 27°35′33.91″E / 43.329417°N 27.5927528°E / 43.329417; 27.5927528
Result
Belligerents
Ottoman Empire  Russian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Abdul-Rezak Pasha Alexander Suvorov
Mikhail Kamensky
Strength
40,000 8,000
Casualties and losses

3,000

29 guns
107 standards		 209

The Battle of Kozludzha (also known as the Battle of Kozludža or the Battle of Kozluca), fought on 20 June (Old Style - June 9) 1774 near the village of Kozludzha (now Suvorovo, Bulgaria), was one of the final and decisive battles of the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774). The Russians managed to rout the Ottoman army, scoring a major victory. This battle, alongside several others in this campaign, established the reputation of the Russian Lieutenant-General Alexander Suvorov as one of the brilliant commanders of his time.

The Ottoman forces are estimated at 40,000. Russian numbers were much lower, 8,000 men who participated in the battle. All in all, Suvorov had about 19,500 men available. This is his corps (14,000), and part of Kamensky's forces (approximately 5,500 out of 11,000). The Ottoman forces were demoralized due to previous defeats and had poor logistics (including a year of withheld back pay).

Monument to the battle of Kozludzha in Suvorovo

Battle

The Russian army under Lieutenant-Generals Alexander Suvorov and Mikhail Kamensky encountered the Ottoman forces of General Abdul-Rezak Pasha. Abdul-Rezak Pasha was one of the most successful commanders of the Ottoman Empire at the time. After scouts reported to Suvorov, he immediately ordered the attack. The Russian army, divided into four squares, attacked the Ottomans. Ottoman cavalry charges were repulsed by the Russians, while a Russian cavalry attack from the rear resulted in the capture of all of the Ottoman artillery. Russian artillery fire is also said to have been highly devastating to the Ottoman forces. Casualties were 3,000 for the Ottomans and 209 for the Russians. The Russians captured the Ottoman camp with its supplies, while the Ottomans abandoned Kozludzha and retreated to Shumla, where they were soon blockaded, suffering from further defeats and attrition.

Aftermath

The Russian victory was one of the major reasons why a month later, on 21 July, the Ottomans were forced to sign the unfavorable Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca.

Notes

References

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  12. ^ Çelikten, Abdullah Burak (2022). "ABDÜRREZZAK BÂHİR PAŞA'NIN HAYATI VE SİYASİ FAALİYETLERİ (1730?-1781)". İstanbul 29 Mayıs Üniversitesi.
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  14. ^ Jadwiga Nadzieja (1988). Od Jakobina do księcia namiestnika. Wydawnictwo "Śląsk". p. 15. ISBN 978-83-216-0682-8.
  15. ^ a b c Virginia H. Aksan (1 January 1995). An Ottoman Statesman in War and Peace: Ahmed Resmi Efendi, 1700-1783. BRILL. p. 165. ISBN 978-90-04-10116-6. Retrieved 26 June 2013.
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Sources

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