Butyronitrile

Today, Butyronitrile is a topic that continues to generate interest and debate in various spheres of society. From its origins to the present, Butyronitrile has been the object of study, analysis and reflection by experts in different fields. Its impact on people's daily lives and global culture has been evident over the years. In this article, we will explore different aspects related to Butyronitrile, from its origins to its relevance today. We will analyze its influence in different contexts and its importance in contemporary society. Additionally, we will examine the different perspectives that exist around this topic and how it has evolved over time.

Butyronitrile
Structural formula of butyronitrile
Ball-and-stick model of the butyronitrile molecule
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Butanenitrile
Other names
  • 1-Cyanopropane
  • Propyl cyanide
  • n-Butyronitrile
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1361452
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.365 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 203-700-6
MeSH N-butyronitrile
RTECS number
  • ET8750000
UNII
UN number 2411
  • InChI=1S/C4H7N/c1-2-3-4-5/h2-3H2,1H3 ☒N
    Key: KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
  • CCCC#N
Properties
C4H7N
Molar mass 69.107 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless
Odor Sharp and suffocating
Density 794 mg mL−1
Melting point −111.90 °C; −169.42 °F; 161.25 K
Boiling point 117.6 °C; 243.6 °F; 390.7 K
0.033 g/100 mL
Solubility soluble in benzene
miscible in alcohol, ether, dimethylformamide
Vapor pressure 3.1 kPa
190 μmol Pa−1 kg−1
-49.4·10−6 cm3/mol
1.38385
3.5
Thermochemistry
134.2 J K−1 mol−1
−6.8–−4.8 kJ mol−1
−2.579 MJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable GHS06: Toxic
Danger
H225, H301, H311, H331
P210, P261, P280, P301+P310, P311
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
3
3
0
Flash point 18 °C (64 °F; 291 K)
488 °C (910 °F; 761 K)
Explosive limits 1.65%–?
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
50 mg kg−1 (oral, rat)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
none
REL (Recommended)
TWA 8 ppm (22 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)
N.D.
Related compounds
Related alkanenitriles
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Butyronitrile or butanenitrile or propyl cyanide, is a nitrile with the formula C3H7CN. This colorless liquid is miscible with most polar organic solvents.

Uses

Butyronitrile is mainly used as a precursor to the poultry drug amprolium.

It also has recognized use in the synthesis of Etifelmine.

Synthesis

Butyronitrile is prepared industrially by the ammoxidation of n-butanol:

C3H7CH2OH + NH3 + O2 → C3H7CN + 3 H2O

Occurrence in space

Butyronitrile has been detected in the Large Molecule Heimat in Sagittarius B2 cloud along with other complex organic molecules.

References

  1. ^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 1597
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0086". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ^ "N-butyronitrile - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
  4. ^ Peter Pollak, Gérard Romeder, Ferdinand Hagedorn, Heinz-Peter Gelbke "Nitriles" Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_363
  5. ^ "Two highly complex organic molecules detected in space". Royal Astronomical Society. 21 April 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2015.

External links