Guanosine

In this article we will focus on Guanosine, a topic that has become increasingly relevant in recent years. Guanosine is a fundamental aspect that affects various areas of our daily lives, from personal health and well-being to the economy and society as a whole. Along these lines we will explore in detail the different aspects related to Guanosine, analyzing its impact, scope and possible solutions. With an interdisciplinary approach, we will approach Guanosine from multiple perspectives, offering the reader a complete and updated vision of this topic that is so relevant today.

Not to be confused with Guanine, Guanidine, Guanfacine, or Guanamine.
Guanosine
Skeletal formula of guanosine
Ball-and-stick model of the guanosine molecule
Names
IUPAC name
Guanosine
Systematic IUPAC name
2-Amino-9--1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one
Other names
Guanine riboside
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.844 Edit this at Wikidata
KEGG
MeSH Guanosine
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C10H13N5O5/c11-10-13-7-4(8(19)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(18)5(17)3(1-16)20-9/h2-3,5-6,9,16-18H,1H2,(H3,11,13,14,19)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1 checkY
    Key: NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UUOKFMHZSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C10H13N5O5/c11-10-13-7-4(8(19)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(18)5(17)3(1-16)20-9/h2-3,5-6,9,16-18H,1H2,(H3,11,13,14,19)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1
    Key: NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UUOKFMHZBU
  • c1nc2c(=O)c(nc2n13(((O3)CO)O)O)N
Properties
C10H13N5O5
Molar mass 283.241
Appearance white, crystalline powder
Odor odorless
Melting point 239 (decomposes)
-149.1·10−6 cm3/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Guanosine (symbol G or Guo) is a purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Guanosine can be phosphorylated to become guanosine monophosphate (GMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), guanosine diphosphate (GDP), and guanosine triphosphate (GTP). These forms play important roles in various biochemical processes such as synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, photosynthesis, muscle contraction, and intracellular signal transduction (cGMP). When guanine is attached by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of a deoxyribose ring it is known as deoxyguanosine.

Physical and chemical properties

Guanosine is a white, crystalline powder with no odor and mild saline taste. It is very soluble in acetic acid, slightly soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene and chloroform.

Functions

Guanosine is required for an RNA splicing reaction in mRNA, when a "self-splicing" intron removes itself from the mRNA message by cutting at both ends, re-ligating, and leaving just the exons on either side to be translated into protein.

Guanosine with numbered carbons

Uses

The antiviral drug acyclovir, often used in herpes treatment, and the anti-HIV drug abacavir, are structurally similar to guanosine. Guanosine was also used to make regadenoson.

Sources

Guanosine can be found in pancreas, clover, coffee plant, and pollen of pines.

References

  1. ^ International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (2014). Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013. The Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 1421. doi:10.1039/9781849733069. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
  2. ^ a b c d Robert A. Lewis, Michael D. Larrañaga, Richard J. Lewis Sr. (2016). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary (16th ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 688. ISBN 978-1-118-13515-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ a b William M. Haynes (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 3–286. ISBN 978-1-4987-5429-3.
  4. ^ Splicing (JPG) Archived June 13, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ "Acyclovir". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 2015-01-05. Retrieved Jan 1, 2015.
  6. ^ Product Information: ZIAGEN(R) oral tablets, oral solution, abacavir sulfate oral tablets, oral solution. ViiV Healthcare (per Manufacturer), Research Triangle Park, NC, 2015.
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia