Today, Indo-Aryan loanwords in Tamil is a highly relevant topic that has captured the attention of people from all over the world. With its immense impact on today's society, Indo-Aryan loanwords in Tamil has become a key point of discussion in different contexts. Whether in the political, social, cultural or scientific sphere, Indo-Aryan loanwords in Tamil has managed to generate widespread interest and has given rise to numerous debates and research. In this article, we will further explore the impact of Indo-Aryan loanwords in Tamil and how it has shaped the way we understand the world around us. From its origins to its evolution today, we will immerse ourselves in an exhaustive analysis that will allow us to better understand the importance of Indo-Aryan loanwords in Tamil in contemporary society.
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The Tamil language of Dravidian family has absorbed many loanwords from Indo-Aryan family, predominantly from Prakrit, Pali and Sanskrit, ever since the early 1st millennium CE, when the Sangam period Chola kingdoms became influenced by spread of Jainism, Buddhism and early Hinduism. Many of these loans are obscured by adaptions to Tamil phonology.
There are many words that are cognates in Sanskrit and Tamil, in both tatsama and tadbhava forms. This is an illustrative list of Tamil words of Indo-Aryan origin, classified based on type of borrowing. The words are transliterated according to IAST system. All words have been referenced with the Madras University Tamil Lexicon, which is used as the most authoritative and standard lexicon by mainstream scholars. In the examples below, the second word is from Tamil, and its original Indo-Aryan source is placed to the left.