In this article, the topic of Shamshi-Adad IV will be addressed from different perspectives, with the aim of delving into its importance and relevance in today's society. Shamshi-Adad IV has been the subject of interest and debate in various areas of knowledge, and its influence is felt in different aspects of daily life. Throughout the article, various research and testimonies will be examined that will shed light on Shamshi-Adad IV, providing the reader with a broader and more detailed understanding of this topic. In addition, different approaches and opinions about Shamshi-Adad IV will be analyzed, in order to enrich the panorama and present a global vision of its scope and impact.
Shamshi-Adad IV | |
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King of Assyria | |
King of the Middle Assyrian Empire | |
Reign | 1054–1050 BC |
Predecessor | Eriba-Adad II |
Successor | Ashurnasirpal I |
Issue | Ashurnasirpal I |
Father | Tiglath-Pileser I |
Šamši-Adad IV, inscribed mdšam-ši-dIM, was the king of Assyria, 1054/3–1050 BC, the 91st to be listed on the Assyrian Kinglist.[i 1][i 2] He was a son of Tukultī-apil-Ešarra I (1114–1076 BC), the third to have taken the throne, after his brothers Ašarēd-apil-Ekur and Ashur-bel-kala, and he usurped the kingship from the latter’s son, the short-reigning Erība-Adad II (1055–1054 BC). It is quite probable that he was fairly elderly when he seized the throne.
The Assyrian kinglist recalls that he “came up from Karduniaš (i.e. Babylonia). He ousted Erība-Adad, son of Aššur-bêl-kala, seized the throne and ruled for 4 years.” The king of Babylon was Adad-apla-iddina, who had been installed more than a decade earlier by Šamši-Adad’s brother, Ashur-bel-kala. The extent to which he was instrumental in the succession is uncertain but it seems that Šamši-Adad may have earlier sought refuge in exile in the south.
The Synchronistic Kinglist[i 3] gives Ea-, presumed to be Ea-mukin-zēri (c. 1008 BC), as his Babylonian contemporary, an unlikely pairing as he was likely to have been concurrent with the latter kings of the 2nd dynasty of Isin during its dying throes. The political events of his reign are obscure and his fragmentary inscriptions are limited to commemorating renovation work carried out on the Ištar temple at Nineveh and the bīt nāmeru, “gate-tower,” at Aššur.
He would be succeeded by his son, Aššur-naṣir-apli I.