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Constitution of India |
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Preamble |
The Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India lists nationally recognised regional languages of the Republic of India. At the time when the Constitution was enacted, inclusion in this list meant that the language was entitled to representation on the Official Languages Commission, and that the language would be one of the bases that would be drawn upon to enrich Hindi and English, the official languages of the Union. The list has since, however, acquired further significance. The Government of India is now under an obligation to take measures for the development of these languages, such that "they grow rapidly in richness and become effective means of communicating modern knowledge." In addition, candidates sitting for an examination conducted for public service are entitled to use any of these languages as a medium to answer the paper.
As per Articles 344(1) and 351 of the Constitution of India, the eighth schedule includes the recognition of 22 languages.
At present, as per the Ministry of Home Affairs, there are demands for inclusion of 39 more languages in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution. These are: