Placidozoa
In the universe of Placidozoa, there are endless aspects to explore, understand and discuss. From its origins to its implications in today's society, Placidozoa has become a central topic of debate and reflection in different areas. Its impact on culture, politics, economy and technology makes it an undisputed protagonist on the global stage. Throughout history, the Placidozoa has evolved and generated great changes and challenges, and continues to be the subject of study and interest for experts and hobbyists alike. In this article, we will explore some of the most relevant facets of Placidozoa and its influence on the contemporary world.
| Placidozoa | |
|---|---|
| |
| Opalina ranarum, a species of placidozoan | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
| Clade: | SAR |
| Clade: | Stramenopiles |
| Phylum: | Bigyra |
| Subphylum: | Opalozoa |
| Infraphylum: | Placidozoa Cavalier-Smith 2013 |
| Classes | |
Placidozoa is a recently defined non-photosynthetic lineage of Stramenopiles.
Phylogeny
In 2016, Philippe Silar presented the following phylogeny for the Placidozoa:
| Placidozoa | |
Taxonomy
Infraphylum Placidozoa Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Superclass Wobblata Cavalier-Smith 2006 stat. n. 2013 (paraphyletic)
- Class Placididea Moriya, Nakayama & Inouye 2002
- Order Placidida Moriya, Nakayama & Inouye 2002
- Family Placidiaceae Moriya, Nakayama & Inouye 2002
- Genus Pendulomonas Tong 1997
- Genus Placidia Moriya, Nakayama & Inouye 2002
- Genus Wobblia Moriya, Nakayama & Inouye 2000
- Genus Allegra Rybarski et al. 2015
- Family Placidiaceae Moriya, Nakayama & Inouye 2002
- Order Placidida Moriya, Nakayama & Inouye 2002
- Class Nanomonadea Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Order Uniciliatida Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Family Solenicolidae Cavalier- Smith 2013
- Genus Solenicola Pavillard 1916
- Family Incisomonadidae Cavalier-Smith & Scoble 2013
- Genus Incisomonas Scoble & Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Family Solenicolidae Cavalier- Smith 2013
- Order Uniciliatida Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Class Opalomonadea Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Genus Barthelona Bernard, Simpson & Patterson 2000
- Genus Quasibodo Bernard, Simpson & Patterson 2000
- Class Placididea Moriya, Nakayama & Inouye 2002
- Superclass Opalinata Wenyon 1926 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1996 stat. n. 2006
- Class Blastocystea Zierdt et al. 1967
- Order Blastocystida Zierdt 1978
- Family Blastocystidae Jiang & He 1988 non Jaekel 1918
- Genus Blastocystis Alexeev 1911 non Jaekel 1918
- Family Blastocystidae Jiang & He 1988 non Jaekel 1918
- Order Blastocystida Zierdt 1978
- Class Opalinea Wenyon 1926 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith 1993 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Order Proteromonadida Grassé 1952 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Family Proteromonadidae Grassé 1952
- Genus Proteromonas Kunstler 1883
- Family Proteromonadidae Grassé 1952
- Order Opalinida Poche 1913 stat. n. Hall 1953 emend. Cavalier-Smith
- Family Karotomorphidae Travis 1934
- Genus Karotomorpha Travis 1934
- Family Opalinidae Claus 1874
- Genus Bezzenbergia Earl 1973
- Genus Hegneriella Earl 1971
- Genus Cepedea Metcalf 1920
- Genus Opalina Purkinje & Valentin 1835
- Genus Protozelleriella Delvinquier, Markus & Passmore 1991
- Genus Zelleriella Metcalf 1920
- Genus Protoopalina Metcalf 1918
- Family Karotomorphidae Travis 1934
- Order Proteromonadida Grassé 1952 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Class Blastocystea Zierdt et al. 1967
References
- ^ a b Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Scoble, Josephine Margaret (2013). "Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes". European Journal of Protistology. 49 (3): 328–353. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002. PMID 23219323.
- ^ Ruggiero, Michael A.; et al. (2015), "Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms", PLOS ONE, 10 (4): e0119248, Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019248R, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119248, PMC 4418965, PMID 25923521
- ^ Silar, Philippe (2016). "Protistes Eucaryotes: Origine, Evolution et Biologie des Microbes Eucaryotes". HAL Archives-ouvertes: 1–462.
External links