Kipchak languages is a topic that has captured the attention of many people over the years. With a history rich in significant events and facts, Kipchak languages has left an indelible mark on society and has generated countless reflections and debates. From its origins to its relevance today, Kipchak languages has been the subject of study, analysis and admiration by experts and fans alike. In this article, we will explore in detail the various aspects of Kipchak languages, its impacts in different areas and its influence on people's daily lives.
| Kipchak | |
|---|---|
| Northwestern Turkic | |
| Ethnicity | Kipchaks |
| Geographic distribution | Central Asia, Russia, Northern Caucasus, Balkans, Anatolia Ukraine, China |
| Linguistic classification | Turkic
|
| Subdivisions |
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| Glottolog | kipc1239 |
The Kipchak languages (also known as the Kypchak, Qypchaq, Qypshaq or the Northwestern Turkic languages) are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family spoken by approximately 28 million people in much of Central Asia and Eastern Europe, spanning from Ukraine to China. Some of the most widely spoken languages in this group are Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Tatar.
The Kipchak languages share a number of features that have led linguists to classify them together. Some of these features are shared with other Common Turkic languages; others are unique to the Kipchak family.
| Old Turkic | Tatar (for example) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mid → high | |||
| *e | /e/ | i | /i/ |
| *o | /o/ | u | /u/ |
| *ö | /ø/ | ü | /y/ |
| High → Mid | |||
| *i | /i/ | e | /e/ |
| *ı | /ɯ/ | î | /ɤ/ |
| *u | /u/ | o | /o/ |
| *ü | /y/ | ö | /ø/ |
The Kipchak languages may be broken down into four groups based on geography and shared features (languages in bold are still spoken today):
| Proto-Turkic | Common Turkic | Kipchak | Kipchak–Bulgar (Uralian, Uralo-Caspian) | ||
| Kipchak–Cuman (Ponto-Caspian) |
| ||||
| Kipchak–Nogai (Aralo-Caspian) | |||||
| Kyrgyz–Kipchak (Kyrgyz) |
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