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Old Tagalog

Old Tagalog is a topic that has captured the attention of millions of people around the world. Since its emergence, it has generated debates, controversies and has been the subject of numerous studies and research. Its impact on society has been profound, and its relevance remains as current as in its beginnings. In this article, we will explore in detail the different facets of Old Tagalog, from its origins to its current situation, as well as its possible implications for the future. Through a deep and objective analysis, we will try to shed light on this topic that has influenced so much in different aspects of modern life.

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Old Tagalog
ᜆᜄᜎᜓ
Pronunciation[t̪ɐ̞gal̪og]
RegionPhilippines, particularly the present-day regions of Calabarzon and Mimaropa
Era10th century AD (developed into Classical Tagalog in c. 16th century; continued as modern Southern Tagalog dialects spoken in Aurora,[1] Calabarzon, and Mimaropa, most popular is the Batangas dialect.)
Baybayin
Luzon Kawi (before c. 1300)
Language codes
ISO 639-3

Old Tagalog (Tagalog: Lumang Tagalog; Baybayin: pre-virama: ᜎᜓᜋ ᜆᜄᜎᜓ, post-virama : ᜎᜓᜋᜅ᜔ ᜆᜄᜎᜓᜄ᜔; post-virama : ᜎᜓᜋᜅ᜕ ᜆᜄᜎᜓᜄ᜕) refers to the unattested, pre-Hispanic stage of the Tagalog language. The language originated from the Proto-Philippine language and evolved to Classical Tagalog spoken during Spanish occupation, which was the basis for Modern Tagalog. Old Tagalog sparsely used Baybayin, one of the scripts indigenous to the Philippines.

No manuscripts, inscriptions, or written records in Tagalog are known from the pre-colonial period.

History

The Baybayin script, used to write in Tagalog prior to the arrival of the Spanish in 16th century.

Old Tagalog is one of the Central Philippine languages, which evolved from the Proto-Philippine language, which comes from the Austronesian peoples who settled in the Philippines around 2200 BC.[2]

The early history of the Tagalog language remains relatively obscure, and a number of theories exist as to the exact origins of the Tagalog peoples and their language. Scholars such as Robert Blust suggest that the Tagalogs originated in northeastern Mindanao or the eastern Visayas.[3] Possible words of Old Tagalog origin are attested in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription from the 10th century, which is largely written in Old Malay.[4]

The question has been raised about the origin of some words in the various languages of the Philippines and their possible connection to ancient Buddhist and Hindu culture in the region, as the language is influenced by Sanskrit, Malay, Tamil and Chinese.[5][6]

Phonology

Old Tagalog vowels
Front Central Back
Close i /i/ u /u/
Open a /a/
Consonant phonemes of Old Tagalog[7]
Labial Dental/
Alveolar
Dorsal Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop p b t d k ɡ ʔ
Fricative s h
Approximant w l j

Writing system

Old Tagalog was written in Baybayin, a writing system formerly used in the Philippines which belongs to the Brahmic family of scripts.

The italicized letters are foreign.

vowels
a
i
e
u
o
b
/b/ ᜊ᜔
ba
bi
be
ᜊᜒ
bu
bo
ᜊᜓ
k
/k/ ᜃ᜔
ka
ki
ke
ᜃᜒ
ku
ko
ᜃᜓᜓ
d/r
/d/ /r/ ᜇ᜔
da/ra
di/ri
de/re
ᜇᜒ
du/ru
do/ro
ᜇᜓ
g
/g/ ᜄ᜔
ga
gi
ge
ᜄᜒ
gu
go
ᜄᜓ
h
/h/ ᜑ᜔
ha
hi
he
ᜑᜒ
hu
ho
ᜑᜓ
l
/l/ ᜎ᜔
la
li
le
ᜎᜒ
lu
lo
ᜎᜓ
m
/m/ ᜋ᜔
ma
mi
me
ᜋᜒ
mu
mo
ᜋᜓ
n
/n/ ᜈ᜔
na
ni
ne
ᜈᜒ
nu
no
ᜈᜓ
ng
/ŋ/ ᜅ᜔
nga
ngi
nge
ᜅᜒ
ngu
ngo
ᜅᜓ
p
/p/ ᜉ᜔
pa
pi
pe
ᜉᜒ
pu
po
ᜉᜓ
s
/s/ ᜐ᜔
sa
si
se
ᜐᜒ
su
so
ᜐᜓ
t
/t/ ᜆ᜔
ta
ti
te
ᜆᜒ
tu
to
ᜆᜓ
w
/w/ ᜏ᜔
wa
wi
we
ᜏᜒ
wu
wo
ᜏᜓ
y
/j/ ᜌ᜔
ya
yi
ye
ᜌᜒ
yu
yo
ᜌᜓ

See also

References

  1. ^ While Aurora is geographically northern Tagalog area which borders Bulacan & Nueva Ecija, Aurora Tagalog dialect is closely related to Tayabas Tagalog of Quezon mostly by accent & vocabulary.(Discovering Aurora Archived January 31, 2024, at the Wayback Machine in phinder.ph, Is it true that Aurora uses the Southern Tagalog dialect? in Reddit)[better source needed].
  2. ^ Mijares, Armand Salvador B. (2006). "The Early Austronesian Migration To Luzon: Perspectives From The Peñablanca Cave Sites". Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association (26): 72–78. Archived from the original on July 7, 2014.
  3. ^ Blust, Robert (1991). "The Greater Central Philippines Hypothesis". Oceanic Linguistics. 30 (2): 73–129. doi:10.2307/3623084. JSTOR 3623084.
  4. ^ Postma, Antoon. (1992). The Laguna Copper-Plate Inscription: Text and Commentary. Philippine Studies vol. 40, no. 2:183–203
  5. ^ "Indian Origins of Filipino Customs". Vedic Empire. Archived from the original on March 15, 2008. Retrieved 2013-11-09.
  6. ^ "The Indian in the Filipino - INQUIRER.net, Philippine News for Filipinos". Globalnation.inquirer.net. Archived from the original on 2015-06-21. Retrieved 2013-11-09.
  7. ^ Zorc, David (1993). "The Prehistory and Origin of the Tagalog People". In Øyvind Dahl (ed.). Language - a doorway between human cultures : tributes to Dr. Otto Chr. Dahl on his ninetieth birthday. Oslo: Novus. pp. 201–211.