In the universe of Central Cordilleran languages, there are endless aspects to explore, understand and discuss. From its origins to its implications in today's society, Central Cordilleran languages has become a central topic of debate and reflection in different areas. Its impact on culture, politics, economy and technology makes it an undisputed protagonist on the global stage. Throughout history, the Central Cordilleran languages has evolved and generated great changes and challenges, and continues to be the subject of study and interest for experts and hobbyists alike. In this article, we will explore some of the most relevant facets of Central Cordilleran languages and its influence on the contemporary world.
Central Cordilleran | |
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Geographic distribution | northern Luzon |
Linguistic classification | Austronesian
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Glottolog | cent2296 |
The Central Cordilleran languages are a group of closely related languages within the Northern Luzon subgroup of the Austronesian language family. They are spoken in the interior highlands of Northern Luzon in the Cordillera Central mountain range.
Reid (1974) classifies the Central Cordilleran languages as follows:
Reid (1991) has suggested that the Central Cordilleran languages are most closely related to the Southern Cordilleran languages, which is supported by numerous exclusively shared innovations listed by Himes (2005).
Proto-Central Cordilleran | |
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Reconstruction of | Central Cordilleran languages |
Reconstructed ancestors |
Proto-Central Cordilleran has been reconstructed by Reid (1974; 2006).
Front | Central | Back | |
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Close | *i | *ɨ | *u |
Open | *a |
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
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Stop | voiceless | *p | *t | *k | *ʔ | |
voiced | *b | *d | *g | |||
Fricative | *s | |||||
Nasal | *m | *n | *ŋ | |||
Lateral | *l | |||||
Approximant | *w | *y |
Proto-Central Cordilleran can be reconstructed with phonemic stress.
The comparison table (taken from Reid (1974) illustrates the correspondences between the Central Cordilleran languages, including inherited vocabulary as well as Central Cordilleran innovations.
Words inherited from Proto-Austronesian (PAn) | |||||||
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Isinai | Kalinga | Ifugao | PCC | PAn | Meaning | ||
béoy | boloy | baluy | *balɨy | *balay | 'house' | ||
páχoy | págoy | páguy | *págɨy | *pajay | 'rice' | ||
Central Cordilleran innovations | |||||||
Isinai | Kalinga | Ifugao | PCC | PAn | Meaning | ||
ʔíla | ʔíla | ʔíla | *ʔíla | (*kita) | 'see' | ||
dalit | dalit | dalet | *dalit | (*tuNa) | 'eel' | ||
kolaŋ | ʔolaŋ | ʔolaŋ | *kɨlaŋ | (*quləj) | 'worm' | ||
waŋwaŋ | waŋwaŋ | waŋwaŋ | *waŋwaŋ | (*iluR) | 'river' |