Mok language
In today's world, Mok language has become a topic of great relevance and interest to a wide variety of people. Whether due to its impact on society, its historical relevance or its influence on different aspects of daily life, Mok language is a topic that we cannot ignore. Throughout history, Mok language has played a fundamental role in the development of humanity, and its importance is still evident today. In this article, we will further explore the impact of Mok language and its relevance in the contemporary world, analyzing different perspectives and aspects related to this very relevant topic.
| Mok | |
|---|---|
| Region | Shan State, Myanmar and Thailand |
Native speakers | 4,700 (2018) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | mqt |
| Glottolog | mokk1243 |
| ELP | Mok |
Mok (/mɔ̀k/ ‘mountain people’), also known as Amok, Hsen-Hsum, and Muak, is an Angkuic language or dialect cluster spoken in Shan State, Myanmar
7 speakers in Lampang province, Thailand were reported by Wurm & Hattori (1981).
Varieties
Hall & Devereux (2018) report that five varieties of Mok are spoken in Shan State, Myanmar, providing the following comparative vocabulary table. These varieties have some lexical similarity (the lowest being 88%) with each other, but very low lexical similarity with the other Angkuic languages.
| Gloss | Mok A | Mok B | Mok C | Mok D | Mok E | Muak Sa-aak | Pa Xɛp U | Hu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| die | jâm | jàp | jám | |||||
| weep | jâːm | jâm | jàm | |||||
| chicken | ʔɛ̂l | jɛ́ | - | |||||
| silver, money | mûl | mùn | mm̥úl | |||||
| fly (v.) | / | pʰ.jûl | mpʰə̀ | phɨ́ʁ | ||||
| louse | / | / | / | / | cʰíʔ | nchí | nsíʔ |
Owen (2018) names these varieties Hwe Law, Chieng Kham, Pha Lam, Punglong, and Hwe Koi.
A Mok dialect of Shan State has been documented by Shintani (2019).
Geographic distribution
Tannumsaeng (2020) describes three locations for Mok: between Mong Khet and Mong Yang and south of Kengtung in Myanmar, and on the Thai-Burmese border in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. The main Mok-speaking areas in Shan State include an area just to the south of Kengtung, and another area situated between Mong Khet and Mong Yang.
Phonology
Tannumsaeng (2020), citing Hall & Devereux (2018), provides the following phonology for Mok.
The consonants are /pʰ p m f w tʰ t n s l r c ɲ j kʰ k ŋ ʔ h/, with reduced /m̩ n̩ ɲ̩ ŋ̩ pə tə kə sə/. /f/ and /r/ only appear in certain varieties. The vowels are /i e ɛ u ɯ o ɤ ɔ a/, with the diphthongs /ia ɯa ua/. Mok has two tones, one low and one high.
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | Voiceless | p | t | c | k | ʔ |
| Aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Fricative | f | s | h | |||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Approximant | w | l | j | (w) | ||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɯ • u | |
| Close-mid | e | ə | ɤ • o |
| Open-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Open | a |
Where there are two vowels separated by a dot •, the one on the left is unrounded and the one on the right is rounded.
References and notes
- ^ Mok at Ethnologue (24th ed., 2021)
- ^ a b Tannumsaeng, Phakawee. 2020. A Preliminary Grammar of Mok, Hwe Koi Variety, Chiang Rai, with Special Focus on The Anaphoric Uses of tɤ́ʔ. M.A. dissertation. Chiang Mai: Payap University.
- ^ OLAC Resources in and about the Mok Language, www.language-archives.org/language.php/mqt.
- ^ a b Hall, Elizabeth and Shane Devereux (2018). Preliminary Mok Phonology and Implications for Angkuic Sound Change. Paper presented at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society, held May 17-19, 2018 in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- ^ a b c Phakawee Tannumsaeng (2020). A Preliminary Grammar of Mok, Hwe Koi Variety, Chiang Rai, With Special Focus on the Anaphoric Use of tɤ́ʔ. Payap University.
- ^ a b Tai loanword
- ^ Owen, Robert Wyn. 2018. Initial findings from Mok KIQ and DMT. Unpublished manuscript.
- ^ Shintani, Tadahiko. 2019. The Sen Tsum (I-Mok) language. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area (LSTCA) no. 121. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
Further reading
- Hall, Elizabeth. 2010. A Phonology of Muak Sa-aak. M.A. thesis. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Payap University.
External links
- RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
- http://hdl.handle.net/10050/00-0000-0000-0003-9671-C@view Mok in RWAAI Digital Archive