Kyirong language

The topic of Kyirong language has generated a great deal of interest and controversy in recent times. As the world moves towards an increasingly technological and globalized future, Kyirong language has become a central element in people's daily lives. From its impacts on society to its implications on the economy, Kyirong language continues to be the subject of debate and discussion around the world. In this article, we will explore in depth the different aspects of Kyirong language, from its evolution throughout history to its role in the world today. In addition, we will analyze the opinions and positions of different experts on the subject, with the aim of providing a broad and objective vision of Kyirong language and its impact on current society.

Kyirong
  • Lende
  • Kyerung
स्युबा
RegionTibet
Native speakers
100 (2002)
Language codes
ISO 639-3kgy
Glottologkyer1238  Kyerung

Kyirong is a language from the subgroup of Tibetic languages spoken in the Gyirong County of the Shigatse prefecture, of the Tibetan Autonomous Region.

Kyirong has lexical tone, with a three-tone system.

Relationship to other languages

There is a varying degree of mutual intelligibility between Kyirong and other Kyirong-Yolmo varieties. It is most closely related to the Nubri and Gyalsomdo languages, and more distantly related to other languages in the family.

Phonology

Consonants

There are 36 consonants in Kyirong, which are summarized in the table below.

Bilabial Apico-Dental Retroflex Lamino-
post-alveolar 		Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive/
Affricate 		voiceless p t ts ʈ tɕ c k
aspirated pʰ tʰ tsʰ ʈʰ tɕʰ cʰ kʰ
voiced b d dz ɖ dʑ ɟ ɡ
Fricative voiceless s ɕ h
voiced z ʑ ɦ
Liquid rhotic r
voiced lateral l
unvoiced lateral ɬ
Semivowel w j

Vowels

There are eight places of articulation for vowels. There is a length distinction at each place of articulation, as well as a long nasalised vowel.

Front Central Back
Close oral i   iː y   yː u   uː
nasal ĩː ỹː ũː
Half-close oral e   eː ø   øː
nasal ẽː ø̃ː
Half-open oral ɛ   ɛː ɔ   ɔː
nasal ɛ̃ː ɔ̃ː
Open oral a   aː
nasal ãː

Tone

Kyriong has a three tone system; high, medium and low. Low tone is often accompanied by breathy voice.

Sources

  • Hedlin, M. (2011). An Investigation of the relationship between the Kyirong, Yòlmo, and Standard Spoken Tibetan speech varieties. Masters thesis, Payap University, Chiang Mai.
  • Huber, B. (2005). The Tibetan dialect of Lende (Kyirong). Beiträge zur tibetischen Erzählforschung, 15.

References

  1. ^ Kyirong at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
    Kyirong at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. ^ N. Tournadre (2005) "L'aire linguistique tibétaine et ses divers dialectes." Lalies, 2005, n°25, p. 7–56
  3. ^ a b c d Huber, Brigitte (2005). The Tibetan dialect of Lende (Kyirong). Bonn: VGH Wissenschaftsverlag.
  4. ^ Hedlin, Matthew (2011). An investigation of the relationship between the Kyirong, Yòlmo, and Standard Spoken Tibetan speech varieties (unpublished MA thesis). Payap University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
  5. ^ Gawne, Lauren (2013). "Report on the relationship between Yolmo and Kagate". Himalayan Linguistics. 12: 1–27.
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