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Sougb language

In today's world, Sougb language has become a topic of great relevance and interest. Over time, Sougb language has gained greater importance in various fields, from technology to politics, including culture and the arts. Both experts and the general public have shown growing interest in learning more about Sougb language, its implications, challenges and opportunities. In this article, we will explore Sougb language in depth, analyzing its different facets and its impact on today's society. From its origin to its future projection, we will delve into a detailed analysis that will allow us to fully understand the importance of Sougb language today.

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Sougb
Manikion
Sougb
RegionSoug Jaya District, Teluk Wondama Regency, West Papua
Native speakers
(12,000 cited 1987)[1]
West Papuan?
Language codes
ISO 639-3mnx
Glottologmani1235
Approximate location where Sougb is spoken
Approximate location where Sougb is spoken
Sougb
Approximate location where Sougb is spoken
Approximate location where Sougb is spoken
Sougb
Coordinates: 1°30′S 133°57′E / 1.50°S 133.95°E / -1.50; 133.95

Sougb, or Sogh, is a Papuan language of the East Bird's Head language family spoken in the east of the Bird's Head Peninsula to the east of Meyah and to the south of Manokwari, including the area of Soug Jaya District, Teluk Wondama Regency. It consists of four dialects and is spoken by around 12,000 people in all. The language is alternatively known as Mantion, or Manikion, an originally derogatory term used by the Biak people.[2]

Distribution

Locations:[3]

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
plain lab.
Plosive voiceless (p) (t) c k
voiced b d ɟ ɡ ɡʷ
Fricative ɸ s h
Nasal m n
Liquid r ~ l
Approximant (w) (j)
  • Stops /b, d/ are always voiced in word-initial and intervocalic positions, but are heard as voiceless when in word-final positions.
  • The lateral and trill sounds /l, r/ are only heard interchangeably, freely among speech.
  • Glides are heard as a result of /i, u/ within vowel sequences (such as /ei, ou, ai, au/).
  • /ɡʷ/ is written as gb, and normally heard as [ɡʷ̚]. But it may also be heard as [ɡʷ], [ɡ͡bʷ], or [ɣʷ] when in intervocalic positions.
  • /n/ can be heard as a palatal [ɲ] when following /i/, and as a velar [ŋ] when preceding a velar stop.
  • /h/ can be heard as [x] when in word-final position.
  • /ɡ/ can also be heard as a voiced fricative [ɣ] in intervocalic positions.[4]

Vowels

Front Central Back
High i u
Mid ɛ ɔ
Low a
  • /i/ can be heard as [ɪ] in unstressed syllables.
  • /a/ can be heard as [ɐ] in closed syllables.[4]

References

  1. ^ Sougb at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Berry, Christine; Berry, Keith (1999). A description of Abun: a west Papuan language of Irian Jaya. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. p. 2. ISBN 0-85883-482-0.
  3. ^ Ronsumbre, Adolof (2020). Ensiklopedia Suku Bangsa di Provinsi Papua Barat. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kepel Press. ISBN 978-602-356-318-0.
  4. ^ a b Reesink, Ger P. (2002). A Grammar Sketch of Sougb. In Ger P. Reesink (ed.), Languages of the Eastern Bird's Head: Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 181–276.
  • Materials on Sougb are included in the open access Arthur Capell (AC1) and Bert Voorhoeve (CLV1) collections held by Paradisec.
  • Reesink, Ger P. (2002). "A Grammar Sketch of Sougb". In Ger P. Reesink (ed.). Languages of the Eastern Bird's Head. Pacific Linguistics. Vol. 524. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 181–276. hdl:1885/146144.


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