Voiceless bilabial affricate
The topic of Voiceless bilabial affricate is a topic that has generated great interest in today's society. With the advancement of technology and globalization, Voiceless bilabial affricate has become a relevant topic that impacts different aspects of daily life. From Voiceless bilabial affricate person or event that has marked a before and after, to Voiceless bilabial affricate concept or trend that is currently in vogue, Voiceless bilabial affricate is something that deserves our attention and analysis. In this article, we will explore the various aspects of Voiceless bilabial affricate and its relevance in modern society.
| Voiceless bilabial affricate | |
|---|---|
| pɸ | |
| Audio sample | |
The voiceless bilabial affricate ( in IPA) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a bilabial stop and released as a voiceless bilabial fricative . It has not been reported to occur phonemically in any language.
Features
Features of the voiceless bilabial affricate:
- Its manner of articulation is affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
- Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.
- Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- Because the sound is not produced with airflow over the tongue, the central–lateral dichotomy does not apply.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.
Occurrence
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch | Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect | up | 'up, onto' | Optional pre-pausal allophone of /p/. | |
| English | Broad Cockney | up | 'up' | Allophone of /p/, occurs mainly word-finally. See English phonology | |
| Received Pronunciation | Rare allophone of /p/. See English phonology | ||||
| North Wales | Word-initial and word-final allophone of /p/; in free variation with a strongly aspirated stop . See English phonology | ||||
| Port Talbot | Allophone of /p/. In free variation with . | ||||
| Scouse | Possible syllable-initial and word-final allophone of /p/. See English phonology | ||||
| German | Some speakers | tropfen | 'to drip' | Allophone of /p͡f/. See Standard German phonology | |
| Kaingang | fy | 'seed' | Possible word-initial allophone of /ɸ/. | ||
| Northern Tiwa | Taos dialect | 'daughter' | Allophone of /pʰ/, in free variation with and [ɸ]. See Taos phonology | ||
Notes
- ^ a b Peters (2010), p. 240.
- ^ Wells (1982), pp. 322–323.
- ^ Wells (1982), p. 323.
- ^ a b Cruttenden (2014), p. 172.
- ^ a b Penhallurick (2004), pp. 108–109.
- ^ a b Connolly, John H. (1990). English in Wales: Diversity, Conflict, and Change. Multilingual Matters Ltd.; Channel View Publications. pp. 121–129. ISBN 1-85359-032-0.
- ^ a b Wells (1982), p. 372.
- ^ a b Jolkesky (2009), pp. 680–681.
References
- Cruttenden, Alan (2014), Gimson's Pronunciation of English (8th ed.), Routledge, ISBN 9781444183092
- Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery (2009), "Fonologia e prosódia do Kaingáng falado em Cacique Doble", Anais do SETA, 3, Campinas: Editora do IEL-UNICAMP: 675–685
- Penhallurick, Robert (2004), "Welsh English: phonology", in Schneider, Edgar W.; Burridge, Kate; Kortmann, Bernd; Mesthrie, Rajend; Upton, Clive (eds.), A handbook of varieties of English, vol. 1: Phonology, Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 98–112, ISBN 3-11-017532-0
- Peters, Jörg (2010), "The Flemish–Brabant dialect of Orsmaal–Gussenhoven", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 40 (2): 239–246, doi:10.1017/S0025100310000083
- Wells, John C. (1982). Accents of English. Vol. 2: The British Isles (pp. i–xx, 279–466). Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511611759. ISBN 0-52128540-2.
